Life history theory argues that exposure to early life adversity (ELA) accelerates development, although existing evidence for this varies. We present a meta-analysis and systematic review testing the hypothesis that ELA involving threat (e.g., violence exposure) will be associated with accelerated biological aging across multiple metrics, whereas exposure to deprivation (e.g., neglect, institutional rearing) and low-socioeconomic status (SES) will not. We meta-analyze 54 studies (n = 116,010) examining associations of ELA with pubertal timing and cellular aging (telomere length and DNA methylation age), systematically review 25 studies (n = 3,253) examining ELA and neural markers of accelerated development (cortical thickness and amygdala-prefrontal cortex functional connectivity) and evaluate whether associations of ELA with biological aging vary according to the nature of adversity experienced. ELA overall was associated with accelerated pubertal timing (d = -0.10) and cellular aging (d = -0.21), but these associations varied by adversity type. Moderator analysis revealed that ELA characterized by threat was associated with accelerated pubertal development (d = -0.26) and accelerated cellular aging (d = -0.43), but deprivation and SES were unrelated to accelerated development. Systematic review revealed associations between ELA and accelerated cortical thinning, with threat-related ELA consistently associated with thinning in ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and deprivation and SES associated with thinning in frontoparietal, default, and visual networks. There was no consistent association of ELA with amygdala-PFC connectivity. These findings suggest specificity in the types of early environmental experiences associated with accelerated biological aging and highlight the importance of evaluating how accelerated aging contributes to health disparities and whether this process can be mitigated through early intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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在经历威胁和剥夺之后，儿童和青少年的生物衰老：系统的综述和荟萃分析。

生命史理论认为，尽早经历逆境（ELA）会加速发展，尽管已有证据对此有所不同。我们提供了一项荟萃分析和系统评价，检验了以下假设：涉及威胁（例如，暴力暴露）的ELA将与跨多个指标的加速生物衰老相关，而遭受剥夺（例如，忽视，制度建设）和低社会经济地位的暴露（SES）不会。我们对54项研究（n = 116,010）进行荟萃分析，研究了ELA与青春期时机和细胞衰老（端粒长度和DNA甲基化年龄）的相关性，系统地回顾了25项研究（n = 3，253）检查ELA和加速发育的神经标志物（皮质厚度和杏仁核-前额叶皮层功能连接性），并评估ELA与生物衰老的关联是否根据经历的逆境的性质而变化。总的来说，ELA与青春期加速（d = -0.10）和细胞衰老（d = -0.21）相关，但这些相关性因逆境类型而异。主持人分析显示，以威胁为特征的ELA与加速青春期发育（d = -0.26）和加速细胞衰老（d = -0.43）有关，但剥夺和SES与加速发育无关。系统评价显示，ELA与皮质加速变薄之间存在关联，与威胁相关的ELA始终与腹侧前额叶皮层变薄相关，剥夺和SES与前额，默认和视觉网络中的变薄相关。ELA与杏仁核-PFC连接没有一致的关联。这些发现表明了与加速生物衰老相关的早期环境经历类型的特异性，并强调了评估加速衰老如何导致健康差异以及是否可以通过早期干预来缓解这一过程的重要性。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。这些发现表明了与加速生物衰老相关的早期环境经历类型的特异性，并强调了评估加速衰老如何导致健康差异以及是否可以通过早期干预来缓解这一过程的重要性。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。这些发现表明了与加速生物衰老相关的早期环境经历类型的特异性，并强调了评估加速衰老如何导致健康差异以及是否可以通过早期干预来缓解这一过程的重要性。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。