Averaging performance over a group of individuals implicitly assumes that there is only one set of methods for accomplishing the task and that all learners acquire those methods in the same sequence. We maintain that the average subject is a mythical beast and, rather than profiling a mythical beast, we ask “how do different people each learn the same complex task?” To answer our question, we use SpotLight—a tool for analyzing changes in individual performance as skill is acquired. Specifically, in this report, we use the SpotLight on 40 scores and measures of performance (some collected at millisecond level, others collected once per game), to investigate the skill acquisition of nine individuals each of whom devoted 31 h to becoming skilled players of the classic cognitive psychology game of Space Fortress (Mané & Donchin, 1989). Turning the SpotLight on our best and worst players reveals patterns of performance plateaus, dips, and leaps. Examining these patterns reveals differences as well as commonalities in the evolution of methods discovered and used by each individual across 31 hours of skill acquisition.

中文翻译：

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Spotlight关于个体学习的动态。

平均在一组个人上的表现隐式地假设只有一组方法可以完成任务，并且所有学习者都以相同的顺序获得这些方法。我们坚持认为，普通的主题是神话般的野兽，而不是描绘出神话般的野兽，而是问“不同的人如何学习相同的复杂任务？” 为了回答我们的问题，我们使用了SpotLight，这是一种用于分析获得技能后个人绩效变化的工具。具体而言，在本报告中，我们使用SpotLight评估了40个得分和绩效（一些以毫秒为单位收集，其他每个游戏收集一次），调查了九个人的技能习得，每个人都花了31小时致力于成为熟练的球员经典的太空堡垒认知心理学游戏（Mané＆Donchin，1989年）。将SpotLight应用于我们最好的和最差的播放器，可以发现性能平稳，下降和跳跃的模式。检查这些模式揭示了在31个小时的技能获取过程中，每个人发现和使用的方法的演变之间的差异和共性。