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Elevated stress impairs the accuracy of eyewitness memory but not the confidence-accuracy relationship.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied ( IF 2.813 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-30 , DOI: 10.1037/xap0000316
Kathy Pezdek 1 , Erica Abed 1 , Anne Cormia 1
Affiliation  

Although numerous studies have identified factors that affect eyewitness identification accuracy, recent studies report that many of these factors do not affect the accuracy of high-confidence identifications. This is critical because legal cases are more likely to be prosecuted if they involve high-confidence eyewitnesses. Using a confidence-accuracy characteristic (CAC) analysis, we explored whether stress affects the accuracy of high-confidence identifications. In two experiments, people viewed faces followed by an old/new recognition-memory test and provided confidence ratings. Stress was manipulated by pairing a low- or high-valence image with each studied face. Identification accuracy was higher in the low- than high-stress condition, yet the proportion correct for high-confidence positive identifications was similar in the two stress conditions. Elevated stress impairs eyewitness identification accuracy overall. However, the results of this study suggest that confidence is a better predictor of recognition-memory accuracy than is stress even though confidence alone is still an imperfect predictor. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

压力升高会损害目击者记忆的准确性,但不会损害置信度与准确性的关系。

尽管许多研究已经确定了影响目击者身份识别准确性的因素,但最近的研究报告称,其中许多因素不会影响高可信度身份识别的准确性。这一点至关重要,因为如果涉及高度自信的目击者,法律案件更有可能被起诉。使用置信准确度特征 (CAC) 分析,我们探讨了压力是否会影响高置信度识别的准确性。在两个实验中,人们查看面孔,然后进行旧/新识别记忆测试,并提供置信度评级。通过将低价或高价图像与每个研究的面孔配对来操纵压力。低应力条件下识别精度高于高应力条件,然而,在两种压力条件下,高可信度阳性识别的正确比例相似。压力过大会总体上削弱目击者识别的准确性。然而,这项研究的结果表明,尽管信心本身仍然是一个不完美的预测因素,但信心是比压力更好的识别记忆准确性的预测指标。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2020-07-30
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