Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and disabling mental disorder characterized by the presence of obsessions and/or compulsions that cause major distress and impair important areas of functioning. About 9 out of 10 patients with OCD have comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. A high proportion of clinically diagnosed OCD patients fulfill diagnostic criteria of a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, to the point that significant evidence in the literature supports the existence and the clinical relevance of a schizo-obsessive spectrum of disorders, including schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) with OCD (schizotypal OCD). In this paper, we provide a brief but comprehensive analysis of the literature on the clinical coexistence between OCD and SPD. The clinical validity of the so-called schizotypal OCD is analyzed through a comprehensive investigation of the relationship between SPD features and obsessive–compulsive phenomena in clinical OCD samples. This review describes the potential connections between OCD and SPD on the epidemiological, sociodemographic, psychopathological, and clinical levels. SPD is commonly observed in OCD patients: about 10% of OCD patients have a full categorical diagnosis of SPD. Early clinical identification of SPD features—and, more generally, of psychotic features and personality disorders—in OCD patients is strongly recommended. In fact, a proper and early diagnosis with early treatment may have benefits for prognosis. However, although schizotypal OCD seems to have clinical and predictive validity, further neurobiological and genetic studies on etiological specificity are warranted.

中文翻译：

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临床强迫症样本中的分裂型人格障碍：简要概述

强迫症 (OCD) 是一种慢性和致残性精神障碍，其特征是存在导致严重痛苦和损害重要功能领域的强迫观念和/或强迫行为。10 名强迫症患者中约有 9 名患有共病精神病学诊断。大部分临床诊断的强迫症患者符合精神分裂症谱系障碍的诊断标准，以至于文献中的重要证据支持分裂强迫症谱系的存在和临床相关性，包括分裂型人格障碍 (SPD)强迫症（分裂型强迫症）。在本文中，我们对有关强迫症和 SPD 临床共存的文献进行了简要而全面的分析。通过对临床强迫症样本中 SPD 特征与强迫现象之间关系的全面调查，分析了所谓的分裂型强迫症的临床有效性。这篇综述描述了强迫症和 SPD 在流行病学、社会人口学、精神病理学和临床水平上的潜在联系。SPD 常见于 OCD 患者：约 10% 的 OCD 患者具有 SPD 的完整分类诊断。强烈建议对强迫症患者的 SPD 特征进行早期临床识别，更一般地说，对精神病特征和人格障碍进行识别。事实上，早期治疗的正确和早期诊断可能对预后有益。然而，尽管分裂型强迫症似乎具有临床和预测效度，