Due to unique physiochemical properties, nanoparticles (NPs) have acquired substantial attention in the field of research. However, threats of ecotoxicity and phytotoxicity have limited their biological applications. In this study in vivo experiments were performed to determine the effect of CuO (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) and ZnO (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) NPs on growth, and antioxidant activities of Brassica nigra. The results showed that CuO NPs did not affect the seed germination while presence of ZnO NPs in the soil generated an inhibitory effect. Both CuO and ZnO NPs positively influenced the growth of stem and other physiological parameters i.e. stem height increased (23%) at 50 mg/kg CuO while root length decreased (up to 44%) with an increase in the concentration of NPs. Phytochemical screening of apical, middle and basal leaves showed elevated phenolic and flavonoid contents in the range of 15.3-59 μg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/mg Dry Weight (DW) and 10-35 μg Querceitin Equivalent (QE)/mg DW, respectively, in NPs-treated plants. Antioxidant activity was higher in CuO NPs-treated plants as compared to ZnO and control plants. Results conclude that CuO and ZnO NPs at low concentrations can be exploited as nanofertilisers in agriculture fields.

中文翻译：

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土壤条件下黑芥对 CuO 和 ZnO 纳米颗粒暴露的延迟生长和抗氧化反应。

由于独特的理化性质，纳米粒子（NPs）在研究领域引起了广泛关注。然而，生态毒性和植物毒性的威胁限制了它们的生物学应用。在本研究中，进行体内实验以确定 CuO（12.5、25 和 50 mg/kg）和 ZnO（200、400 和 600 mg/kg）纳米颗粒对黑芥生长和抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明，CuO NPs 不会影响种子发芽，而土壤中 ZnO NPs 的存在会产生抑制作用。CuO 和 ZnO NP 均对茎的生长和其他生理参数产生积极影响，即在 50 mg/kg CuO 下茎高度增加 (23%)，而根长度随着 NP 浓度的增加而减少 (高达 44%)。顶端叶、中部叶和基部叶的植物化学筛选显示酚类和类黄酮含量升高，范围为 15.3-59 μg 没食子酸当量 (GAE)/mg 干重 (DW) 和 10-35 μg 槲皮素当量 (QE)/mg DW，分别在经 NP 处理的植物中。与 ZnO 和对照植物相比，CuO NPs 处理的植物的抗氧化活性更高。结果表明，低浓度的 CuO 和 ZnO NP 可用作农业领域的纳米肥料。