Biochar was increasingly used in agriculture soil amendment and has received widespread attention due to its potential to improve soil micro-ecological environment and crop growth. The raw material of the biochar used in this study is peanut shell, which is mixed with other organics and minerals to become a mineral-enhanced biochar under heating conditions (220 °C). When the third season crop is finished, we evaluated black soil physicochemical properties, microbial communities, and crop growth in long-term agricultural trials. Four treatments were set up: no amendment (control CK), nitrogen fertilizer only (70 kg ha⁻¹ N), enhanced biochar only (5 t ha⁻¹ B), and nitrogen fertilizer (70 kg ha⁻¹) + enhanced biochar (5 t ha⁻¹) (NB). The enhanced biochar promotes crop growth and increased the richness of the bacterial community, while reducing the richness of the fungal community. Nitrogen fertilizer + enhanced biochar increased soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen by 43.75, 7.25, and 19.28%. In addition, we found changes in bacterial community were closely related to soil organic carbon, while changes in fungal community structure were closely related to soil carbon to nitrogen ratio. And the soil organic carbon and soil carbon to nitrogen ratio of biochar treatment were increased by 5.64 and 6.25% compared with fertilizer treatment, respectively. We concluded that enhanced biochar improved the soil more effectively and made the soil more conducive to crop growth. Regulating the microbial community by improving the physicochemical properties of soil was an important way to improve the stability and condition of the soil system with biochar. An enhanced biochar was of great significance for circular development of agriculture and soil improvement in Northeast China.

生物炭被越来越多地用于农业土壤改良，由于其具有改善土壤微生态环境和作物生长的潜力，因此受到了广泛的关注。本研究中使用的生物炭的原料是花生壳，将其与其他有机物和矿物质混合，在加热条件下（220°C）成为矿物质增强的生物炭。当第三季作物完成时，我们在长期的农业试验中评估了黑土的理化特性，微生物群落和作物生长。设置了四个处理方法：不进行修正（对照CK），仅施氮肥（70 kg ha ^-1  N），仅施以生物炭（5 t ha ^-1 B）和施氮（70 kg ha ^-1）+强化生物炭。 （5吨^-1）（NB）。增强的生物炭促进作物生长并增加细菌群落的丰富度，同时降低真菌群落的丰富度。氮肥+强化生物炭使土壤微生物量碳，硝酸盐氮和铵态氮增加43.75％，7.25％和19.28％。此外，我们发现细菌群落的变化与土壤有机碳密切相关，而真菌群落结构的变化与土壤碳氮比密切相关。生物炭处理的土壤有机碳和土壤碳氮比分别比化肥处理增加了5.64％和6.25％。我们得出的结论是，增强生物炭可以更有效地改良土壤，并使土壤更有利于作物生长。通过改善土壤的理化特性来调节微生物群落，是改善生物炭对土壤系统稳定性和状况的重要途径。生物炭的增强对东北地区农业的循环发展和土壤改良具有重要意义。