Prosocial behavior is often thought to bring benefits to individuals and relationships. Do such benefits exist when prosocial behavior is costly for the individual, such as when people are sacrificing for their partner or relationship? Although different theoretical accounts would predict that sacrifice is either positively or negatively associated with personal and relational well-being, empirical work in this regard has been inconclusive. We conducted a meta-analytic synthesis of 82 data sets and 9,547 effect sizes (N = 32,053) to test the link between sacrifice and both personal and relationship well-being for both the individual who performs the sacrifice and their romantic partner. We examined four different facets of sacrifice (i.e., willingness to sacrifice, behavioral sacrifice, satisfaction with sacrifice, and costs of sacrifice). Results revealed that these facets were differently associated with well-being. Specifically, an individual's willingness to sacrifice was positively associated with their own personal and relationship well-being and with their partner's relationship well-being (.09 < rs < .27). However, behavioral sacrifice was negatively associated with own personal well-being (r = -.07). Satisfaction with sacrifice was positively associated with individual and partner well-being (.11 < rs < .43). Costs of sacrifice were negatively related to one's own personal and relationship well-being and to the partner's relationship well-being (-.10 < rs < -.26). Some moderators were also identified. We discuss the implications of these findings for research on prosocial behavior and relationships, address the implications of the methodologies used to study prosocial behavior, and suggest directions for future research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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牺牲与关系和个人幸福之间的联系：荟萃分析。

亲社会行为通常被认为会给个人和人际关系带来好处。当亲社会行为对个人来说代价高昂时，例如当人们为他们的伴侣或关系做出牺牲时，这些好处是否存在？尽管不同的理论解释会预测牺牲与个人和关系幸福感正相关或负相关，但在这方面的实证研究尚无定论。我们对 82 个数据集和 9,547 个效应量 (N = 32,053) 进行了元分析综合，以测试牺牲与执行牺牲的个人及其浪漫伴侣的个人幸福感和人际关系幸福感之间的联系。我们考察了牺牲的四个不同方面（即牺牲意愿、行为牺牲、牺牲满意度和牺牲成本）。结果显示，这些方面与幸福感的相关性不同。具体而言，个人牺牲的意愿与他们自己的个人和人际关系幸福以及与伴侣的关系幸福呈正相关（0.09 < rs < .27）。然而，行为牺牲与个人幸福感呈负相关（r = -.07）。对牺牲的满意度与个人和伴侣的幸福感呈正相关（0.11 < rs < .43）。牺牲成本与个人和人际关系幸福感以及伴侣的人际关系幸福感呈负相关（-.10 < rs < -.26）。还确定了一些主持人。我们讨论了这些发现对亲社会行为和关系研究的影响，解决用于研究亲社会行为的方法的影响，并为未来的研究提出方向。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。