Abstract One of the main factors of the increased eutrophication level of surface waters is the high anthropogenic loads of biogenic substances discharged into water bodies. Municipal wastewaters, containing large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus play one of the key roles in the acceleration of eutrophication intensity. The main direction in the prevention of eutrophication caused by wastewater discharge has become the reduction of nutrient loads introduced to wastewater receivers in accordance with strict legal requirements achievable only in advanced technologies. The treated wastewater quality standards are actually developed for total nitrogen and total phosphorus content, disregarding the fact that eutrophication potential of treated wastewater is determined by the content of non-organic nutrient forms directly bioavailable for water vegetation. That is why the currently used energy-consuming and expensive technologies do not always guarantee effective protection against eutrophication and its consequences. The goal of the study was to analyze the most widely used wastewater treatment technologies for enhanced biological nutrients removal in treated wastewater eutrophication potential. For this purpose, an analysis of the operation of 18 wastewater treatment plants based on different technologies in Finland, Canada, Poland, Russia and the United States was realized. The analysis concluded that the eutrophication potential of treated wastewater to a large extent is conditioned by the applied technology. The results of the research concluded that the eutrophication potential can serve an important criterion for decision-making regarding the proper selection of wastewater treatment technologies aimed at eutrophication mitigation.

中文翻译：

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城市污水富营养化潜力分析

摘要地表水富营养化水平增加的主要因素之一是排放到水体中的生物物质的高人为负荷。含有大量氮和磷的城市废水是加速富营养化强度的关键因素之一。预防废水排放引起的富营养化的主要方向已成为按照只有通过先进技术才能实现的严格法律要求减少引入废水接收器的营养负荷。处理后的废水质量标准实际上是针对总氮和总磷含量制定的，忽略了处理后废水的富营养化潜力是由水生植物可直接生物利用的非有机营养形式的含量决定的事实。这就是为什么目前使用的耗能且昂贵的技术并不总能保证有效防止富营养化及其后果。该研究的目的是分析最广泛使用的废水处理技术，以增强处理后废水富营养化潜力中生物营养物的去除。为此，对芬兰、加拿大、波兰、俄罗斯和美国 18 个采用不同技术的污水处理厂的运行情况进行了分析。分析得出的结论是，处理后废水的富营养化潜力在很大程度上取决于所应用的技术。研究结果得出结论，富营养化潜力可以作为正确选择旨在减轻富营养化的废水处理技术的决策的重要标准。