β‐Lactam antibiotics such as ceftriaxone, are potent stimulators of the expression of l‐glutamate transporter GLT‐1 and may exert neuroprotective effects when chronically used in rats and mice. In this study, we used two animal models to test the neurological effect of subchronic treatment with ceftriaxone: experimental acute glaucoma in Wistar rats and induction of acute seizures with pentylenetetrazole in mice. We also assessed the performance of mice in the rotarod to calculate therapeutic indexes and exploratory activity in the open field. Our results showed that subchronic use of ceftriaxone was neuroprotective in both models, reducing injury in acute ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion in specific layers of retina and leading to a decrease in the seizure severity score. In behavioral experiments, we observed that ceftriaxone increased hyperactivity followed by a decrease in exploratory behavior in the open field, and there was no motor impairment in the rotarod test. We conclude that ceftriaxone may be useful as a tool in the development of new neuroprotective drugs targeting diseases which present a possible dysfunction in the balance of glutamatergic neurotransmission.

中文翻译：

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头孢曲松预处理对急性青光眼大鼠具有神经保护作用，并降低戊四唑诱发的小鼠癫痫发作评分。

β-内酰胺类抗生素，如头孢曲松，是l表达的强效刺激剂‐谷氨酸转运蛋白 GLT-1，长期用于大鼠和小鼠时可能会发挥神经保护作用。在本研究中，我们使用两种动物模型来测试头孢曲松亚慢性治疗的神经学效果：Wistar 大鼠实验性急性青光眼和戊四唑诱导小鼠急性癫痫发作。我们还评估了小鼠在旋转棒中的表现，以计算开放领域的治疗指数和探索活动。我们的结果表明，亚慢性使用头孢曲松在两种模型中都具有神经保护作用，可减少急性缺血和视网膜特定层的缺血/再灌注损伤，并导致癫痫严重程度评分降低。在行为实验中，我们观察到头孢曲松增加了多动，随后在开放领域的探索行为减少，并且在旋转棒测试中没有运动障碍。我们得出的结论是，头孢曲松可用作开发针对可能存在谷氨酸能神经传递平衡功能障碍的疾病的新型神经保护药物的工具。