OBJECTIVE Interactions between members of different racial and ethnic groups are often stressful. These interactions are stressful, in part, because they contribute to social identity threat-the fear of being judged or treated negatively based on one's social group membership. Previous work separately suggests that the diversity of an interaction partner's friendship network and the goals that people set for themselves influence social identity threat. Bringing these two bodies of work together, the present research examines whether adopting a learning (vs. performance) goal mitigates identity threat for Black people anticipating an interaction with a White partner who had a racially homogenous (vs. diverse) friendship network (a context previously shown to arouse identity threat). METHOD Two experimental studies (N = 310) were conducted. Black adults (Mage = 29.66, 64% women) primed with either a performance or learning goal anticipated an interaction with a White partner who had either a racially diverse (Study 1) or racially homogenous (Studies 1 and 2) friendship network. After, we assessed participants' social identity threat and anticipated interaction experiences. RESULTS Black adults primed with learning (vs. performance) goals expected to be perceived more positively by their interaction partner and expected to have more positive interaction experiences when they anticipated an interaction with a White partner who had a racially homogenous network of friends. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that learning goals can mitigate threat among Black individuals within an otherwise identity-threatening interaction context, thus opening the door for positive interracial contact in the future even in the context of challenging interracial interactions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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学习目标减轻了黑人在威胁种族互动中的身份威胁。

目的不同种族和族裔成员之间的互动通常很紧张。这些互动在一定程度上是压力大的，因为它们助长了社会认同的威胁-害怕基于自己的社会团体成员身份而受到否定的判断或对待。先前的工作分别表明，互动伙伴的友谊网络的多样性和人们为自己设定的目标会影响社会身份威胁。结合这两个方面的工作，本研究检验了采用学习（相对于绩效）目标是否可以减轻黑人的身份威胁，因为黑人期望与具有种族同质（相对于多样化）友谊网络的白人伴侣进行互动（上下文）先前显示会引起身份威胁）。方法进行了两项实验研究（N = 310）。黑人黑人（法师= 29.66，女性占64％）以表演或学习目标为基础，预期与具有种族多样性（研究1）或种族同质（研究1和2）友谊网络的白人伴侣互动。之后，我们评估了参与者的社交身份威胁和预期的互动体验。结果黑人成年人的学习（相对于绩效）目标已得到初学者的期望，他们的互动伙伴会更积极地感知他们，并期望与拥有种族同质的朋友网络的白人伙伴进行互动时会获得更积极的互动体验。结论这些发现表明，学习目标可以减轻黑人个体在其他威胁身份的互动环境中的威胁，因此，即使在挑战性的异族互动中，也为将来的积极的异族接触打开了大门。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。