Recent studies have suggested the neuroinvasive potential of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Notably, neuroinvasiveness might be involved in the pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some studies have demonstrated that synapse-connected routes may enable coronaviruses to access the central nervous system (CNS). However, evidence related to the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the CNS, its direct impact on the CNS, and the contribution to symptoms suffered, remain sparse. Here, we review the current literature that indicates that SARS-CoV-2 can invade the nervous system. We also describe the neural circuits that are potentially affected by the virus and their possible role in the progress of COVID-19. In addition, we propose several strategies to understand, diagnose, and treat the neurological symptoms of COVID-19.

中文翻译：

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SARS-CoV-2的神经机制：综述。

最近的研究表明严重急性呼吸道冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的神经侵袭潜力。值得注意的是，2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的病理生理可能涉及神经侵袭性。一些研究表明，通过突触连接的途径可能使冠状病毒进入中枢神经系统（CNS）。但是，与中枢神经系统中SARS-CoV-2的存在，其对中枢神经系统的直接影响以及对所遭受症状的影响有关的证据仍然很少。在这里，我们回顾了表明SARS-CoV-2可以侵入神经系统的现有文献。我们还描述了可能受病毒影响的神经回路及其在COVID-19进程中的可能作用。此外，我们提出了几种策略来理解，诊断和治疗COVID-19的神经系统症状。