From a developmental and pathogenic perspective, child maltreatment is strongly linked to later dissociative symptoms, as ultimate forms of human response to chronic stress. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) in the relationship between child maltreatment and dissociation among patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). In this cross-sectional study, a total of 152 BPD patients (men: 52%; women: 48%) with an average age of 29.64 years (standard deviation (SD) = 7.29, range = 18–47) were selected by systematic random sampling from the patients who referred to Baharan psychiatric hospital in Zahedan, Iran, with the sampling interval of 3. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, Dissociative Experiences Scale, and Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 3 were used to assess the patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS v25 software, and the statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05. four main findings were obtained from the present study: (1) Heterogeneity of the levels of dissociation (LOD) in BPD patients; (2) The predicting roles of emotional neglect (EN), vulnerability to harm, and defectiveness/shame schemas in the total DES scores; (3) The vague role of childhood sexual abuse (SA) in developing dissociative symptoms; and (4) The mediating role of the core schemas of vulnerability to harm (β = 0.28, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04, 0.61) and defectiveness/shame (β = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.008, 0.45) in the relationship between EN and dissociation. Regarding the heterogeneity of LOD and its crucial role in the successful treatment of BPD patients, it is highly essential to evaluate the present-state dissociation of the patient during the diagnosis process and provide effective interventions to reduce it. The obtained results highlighted the potential role of schema therapy in reducing dissociative responses to emotional stimuli (based on EN), vulnerability to harm, and defectiveness/shame. Nevertheless, psychopathology of dissociation among BPD patients should be further investigated in depth.

中文翻译：

---

边缘性人格障碍患者的与儿童虐待相关的分离及其核心中介模式。

从发展和致病的角度看，虐待儿童与后来的分离症状密切相关，后者是人类对慢性应激反应的最终形式。本研究旨在调查边缘不良人格障碍（BPD）患者中早期不良适应方案（EMS）在儿童虐待与解离之间的关系中的中介作用。在这项横断面研究中，系统地选择了平均年龄为29.64岁（标准差（SD）= 7.29，范围= 18-47）的152名BPD患者（男性：52％；女性：48％）。从伊朗Zahedan的Baharan精神病医院转诊的患者中随机抽样，抽样间隔为3。儿童创伤问卷-简式，离体经历量表，使用“青年模式问卷-简式3”评估患者。使用SPSS v25软件分析数据，统计显着性水平设置为p <0.05。从本研究中获得了四个主要发现：（1）BPD患者解离水平（LOD）的异质性；（2）在总DES分数中，情绪疏忽（EN），易受伤害性以及缺陷/羞耻模式的预测作用；（3）儿童性虐待在发展分离症状中的模糊作用；（4）易受伤害的脆弱性（β= 0.28，95％置信区间（CI）：0.04，0.61）和缺陷/羞耻（β= 0.21，95％CI：0.008，0.45）的核心模式的中介作用EN与解离之间的关系。关于LOD的异质性及其在BPD患者成功治疗中的关键作用，在诊断过程中评估患者的现状解离并提供有效的干预措施以降低它是非常重要的。获得的结果突显了图式疗法在减少对情绪刺激的分离反应（基于EN），易受伤害性和缺陷/羞耻感方面的潜在作用。尽管如此，BPD患者分离的心理病理学应进一步深入研究。易受伤害和缺陷/羞辱。尽管如此，BPD患者分离的心理病理学应进一步深入研究。易受伤害和缺陷/羞辱。尽管如此，BPD患者分离的心理病理学应进一步深入研究。