There is evidence to suggest that the broad discrepancy in the ratio of males to females with diagnosed ADHD is due, at least in part, to lack of recognition and/or referral bias in females. Studies suggest that females with ADHD present with differences in their profile of symptoms, comorbidity and associated functioning compared with males. This consensus aims to provide a better understanding of females with ADHD in order to improve recognition and referral. Comprehensive assessment and appropriate treatment is hoped to enhance longer-term clinical outcomes and patient wellbeing for females with ADHD. The United Kingdom ADHD Partnership hosted a meeting of experts to discuss symptom presentation, triggers for referral, assessment, treatment and multi-agency liaison for females with ADHD across the lifespan. A consensus was reached offering practical guidance to support medical and mental health practitioners working with females with ADHD. The potential challenges of working with this patient group were identified, as well as specific barriers that may hinder recognition. These included symptomatic differences, gender biases, comorbidities and the compensatory strategies that may mask or overshadow underlying symptoms of ADHD. Furthermore, we determined the broader needs of these patients and considered how multi-agency liaison may provide the support to meet them. This practical approach based upon expert consensus will inform effective identification, treatment and support of girls and women with ADHD. It is important to move away from the prevalent perspective that ADHD is a behavioural disorder and attend to the more subtle and/or internalised presentation that is common in females. It is essential to adopt a lifespan model of care to support the complex transitions experienced by females that occur in parallel to change in clinical presentation and social circumstances. Treatment with pharmacological and psychological interventions is expected to have a positive impact leading to increased productivity, decreased resource utilization and most importantly, improved long-term outcomes for girls and women.

中文翻译：

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患有多动症的女性：采用终身方法的专家共识声明，为女孩和女性注意缺陷/多动障碍的识别和治疗提供指导。

有证据表明，诊断为ADHD的男性与女性比例差异很大，至少部分原因是由于女性缺乏识别和/或转介偏见。研究表明，患有多动症的女性与男性相比，在症状，合并症和相关功能方面存在差异。该共识旨在更好地了解患有多动症的女性，以提高认知度和转诊率。希望通过综合评估和适当的治疗来提高多动症女性的长期临床疗效和患者健康。英国ADHD伙伴关系主办了一次专家会议，讨论在整个生命周期中ADHD女性的症状表现，转诊，评估，治疗和多机构联络的触发因素。达成了共识，提供了实践指导，以支持与多动症女性一起工作的医学和心理健康从业人员。确定了与该患者组合作的潜在挑战，以及可能阻碍识别的特定障碍。这些包括症状差异，性别偏见，合并症和可能掩盖或掩盖多动症潜在症状的补偿策略。此外，我们确定了这些患者的更广泛需求，并考虑了多机构联络如何为满足他们的需求提供支持。这种基于专家共识的实用方法将为患有多动症的女孩和妇女提供有效的识别，治疗和支持。重要的是要摆脱普遍存在的观点，即多动症是一种行为障碍，而要注意女性常见的更细微和/或内在的表现。必须采用终身护理模式，以支持女性经历的复杂转变，这些转变与临床表现和社会环境的变化同时发生。预期采用药理和心理干预进行治疗将产生积极影响，从而提高生产率，减少资源利用，最重要的是，改善女孩和妇女的长期结局。