Grapevine phenology is being modified by climate change, particularly by the increase of temperatures that affect grape attributes for wine production. Besides the existing oenological and viticultural approaches, the thorough exploration of the current intra-cultivar genetic variability to select late-ripening genotypes emerges as an interesting alternative. In the present work, we have analyzed the natural genetic variation for phenology and agronomic traits among 21 ‘Malbec’ clones and we demonstrated that fruiting cuttings are a useful tool for the analysis of such variation in ‘Malbec’. Several clones could be distinguished by agronomic traits like berry number or cluster weight, and mainly by phenology characteristics like the length of the phase between flowering and veraison, which reached more than 16 days between early and late clones. These results support the approach of exploring grapevine clone collections in searching for genotypes with delayed phenology, and thus with the potential to maintain some expected quality characteristics under warm conditions.

中文翻译：

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葡萄物候学的自然遗传变异作为适应气候变化的工具

气候变化正在改变葡萄的物候特性，尤其是温度升高会影响葡萄在葡萄酒生产中的特性。除了现有的酿酒学和葡萄栽培方法外，对当前栽培种内遗传变异性进行彻底探索以选择晚熟基因型的方法也将作为一种有趣的选择出现。在目前的工作中，我们分析了21个“马尔贝克”克隆中物候和农艺性状的自然遗传变异，并且我们证明了结果插条是分析“马尔贝克”中这种变异的有用工具。几个克隆可以通过农艺性状（如浆果数或簇重）来区分，并且主要可以通过物候特性来区分，例如开花和花期之间的相长，早晚克隆之间相隔超过16天。