In the 1960s and 1970s, scuba technology, underwater cameras, and documentarians revealed a long‐hidden underwater world to the public. At this time oceanographic science was growing exponentially. Historians of the marine sciences have focused their studies of the period on institutional and military partnerships, and on the scientist‐administrators who shaped oceanographic research institutions (such as the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and the British National Institute of Oceanography). Underwater habitat development during the 1960s and 1970s, however, deserves greater attention than it has yet received, as it highlights a peculiar confluence of military, scientific, and popular interest, characteristic of the period, in the colonization of the seafloor. Existing accounts have focused on American habitats, notably Sealab and Tektite, since these were the largest and best funded. But this approach overemphasizes a Cold War narrative in which the sole protagonists of the habitat programs were the United States and the Soviet Union. At least 65 habitats were built between 1962 and 1991. Some were state‐sponsored, with significant programs run by French, German, Japanese, and Canadian teams. This essay takes as a case study the Canadian Sublimnos habitat as well as the underwater exploration programs it helped launch in Newfoundland (Lora‐I) and in the Arctic (Sub‐Igloo). The Canadian case demonstrates that technological expertise and public enthusiasm for underwater exploration should not be solely understood with reference to Cold War interests of the two superpowers. Rather, the international range of habitat programs of the 1960s and 1970s reveals an expanding interest in the vertical underwater dimension that was fueled by numerous national scientific aims and territorial claims.

中文翻译：

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深远的视野：加拿大的水下栖息地计划和海洋主权的垂直维度

在1960年代和1970年代，潜水技术，水下相机和记录员向公众揭示了一个长期隐藏的水下世界。在这个时候，海洋科学正在成倍增长。海洋科学的历史学家们将这一时期的研究重点放在了机构和军事伙伴关系上，以及研究海洋学研究机构（例如斯克里普斯海洋学研究所，伍兹霍尔海洋学研究所和英国国立海洋研究所）的科学家行政人员。海洋学）。但是，1960年代和1970年代的水下栖息地发展值得引起人们的广泛关注，因为它突显了这一时期所特有的军事，科学和大众利益在海底殖民中的特殊融合。Sealab和Tektite，因为它们是规模最大，资金最多的。但是这种方法过分强调了冷战叙事，在该叙事中，栖息地计划的唯一主角是美国和苏联。在1962年至1991年之间，至少建造了65个栖息地。其中一些是国家资助的，由法国，德国，日本和加拿大团队实施了重要计划。本文以加拿大Sublimnos栖息地及其在纽芬兰（Lora‐I）和北极（Sub-Igloo）开展的水下勘探计划为例）。加拿大的案例表明，不应仅参考两个超级大国的冷战利益，就了解水下勘探的技术专长和公众热情。而是，1960年代和1970年代的国际生境计划范围显示出人们对垂直水下尺度的兴趣在不断扩大，这是由众多国家科学目标和领土主张推动的。