Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease with several comorbidities, however information on MG mortality remains sparse. We conducted a nationwide register-based study on mortality rates and causes of death among Swedish MG patients. Data was acquired from four Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare registers. A total of 4559 MG patients (2522 women, 55.3%) being alive entering the year 2006, were identified. 1121 patients (562 women, 50.1%) died during 2006-2016. Age- and gender-standardized mortality rate was 1.51 (95% CI 0.40) per 100 patients and did not differ from the Swedish general population. Time from MG diagnosis to death was 8.9 ± 6.8 years. The most common ultimate cause of death was cancer (19.5%), followed by ischemic heart disease (13.3%) and MG (11.3%). When MG was stated as the ultimate cause of death, there was a strikingly higher likelihood of having influenza/pneumonia as a contributing cause of death (OR 2.5, p<0.0001). In conclusion, although we could not confirm a higher mortality rate in Swedish MG patients compared to the general population, and despite modern advancements in treatment, we observed that MG itself was stated as the third most common ultimate cause of death in Swedish MG patients.

中文翻译：

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瑞典重症肌无力患者的死亡率和死因

重症肌无力 (MG) 是一种自身免疫性疾病，有多种合并症，但关于 MG 死亡率的信息仍然很少。我们对瑞典 MG 患者的死亡率和死因进行了一项全国性的登记研究。数据是从四个瑞典国家卫生和福利委员会登记处获得的。到 2006 年，共有 4559 名 MG 患者（2522 名女性，55.3%）在世。2006-2016 年期间有 1121 名患者（562 名女性，50.1%）死亡。年龄和性别标准化死亡率为每 100 名患者 1.51 (95% CI 0.40)，与瑞典一般人群没有差异。从 MG 诊断到死亡的时间为 8.9 ± 6.8 年。最常见的最终死因是癌症 (19.5%)，其次是缺血性心脏病 (13.3%) 和 MG (11.3%)。当MG被列为最终死因时，将流感/肺炎作为致死原因的可能性要高得多（OR 2.5，p<0.0001）。总之，虽然我们无法确认瑞典 MG 患者的死亡率高于一般人群，并且尽管现代治疗取得了进步，但我们观察到 MG 本身被认为是瑞典 MG 患者第三大最常见的最终死亡原因。