Abstract The building sector plays a crucial role in the advocated transition towards a carbon-free economy, and thus the zero-carbon building concept is taking hold. The paper focuses on the issue of existing hotels, with the aim of investigating the possibility of meeting the ambitious zero-carbon targets for this category of buildings, in which guests’ comfort and satisfaction is the core business. A reference hotel and different retrofit scenarios are assessed in two Italian climatic zones. Models are evaluated with a multi-objective approach, by introducing a set of hotel-related Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), to evaluate the simulated models on three main dimensions: thermal comfort, energy and environmental impacts. The obtained results have emphasized the difficulty to achieve the zero-carbon targets, due to the high energy consumptions caused by the comfort-based nature of hotels and of the space constraints for on-site renewable sources. These outcomes help highlighting the need to shift the focus from single building to district or city scale, proving that the zero-carbon building definition must go hand-in-hand with the Post-Carbon City concept.

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迈向后碳城市：意大利酒店的哪些改造方案？

摘要 在倡导向无碳经济转型的过程中，建筑部门发挥着至关重要的作用，因此零碳建筑概念正在兴起。本文重点关注现有酒店的问题，旨在调查实现此类建筑雄心勃勃的零碳目标的可能性，其中客人的舒适度和满意度是核心业务。参考酒店和不同的改造方案在两个意大利气候区进行评估。模型采用多目标方法进行评估，通过引入一组与酒店相关的关键绩效指标 (KPI)，从三个主要维度评估模拟模型：热舒适性、能源和环境影响。获得的结果强调了实现零碳目标的难度，由于酒店以舒适为基础的性质以及现场可再生能源的空间限制所导致的高能耗。这些成果有助于强调将重点从单一建筑转移到地区或城市规模的必要性，证明零碳建筑的定义必须与后碳城市概念齐头并进。