Sand dunes represent unique environments that increase the biodiversity, geodiversity, or ecosystem services of landscapes. The knowledge of past sand dune development is crucial for realizing their effective protection. Dendrogeomorphic methods represent an effective tool for the reconstruction of geomorphic processes, but their application in aeolian geomorphology is limited. This state can be caused by limited knowledge of the tree growth responses (particularly microscopic anatomical ones) to burial by sand. Thus, tree growth responses to sand burial were studied in detail for one of the most extensively distributed tree species on European dunes – Pinus sylvestris (L.) in this study. Four buried P. sylvestris individuals occupying selected dunes in the Borská lowland (SW Slovakia) were exhumed and densely sampled at vertical distances of 5 cm. The results evidenced the distinct macroscopic growth responses of trees to burial in the form of abrupt growth suppression (51.8% on average) in four various years of sand accumulation (1990, 1994, 1999, 2012). The intensity of the increment response was not dependent on the burial depth but expressed a significant correlation with the mean tree ring series sensitivity (r = 0.68–0.93). In addition, growth suppression was always accompanied by a distinct anatomical response in the form of an increase in cell lumen area (103.5% on average). The intensity of this response was significantly dependent on the depth of burial. Both main forms of responses (abrupt growth suppression and cell lumen area increase) were detected even in the non-buried parts of stems (up 15 cm above the ground). Finally, the sand accumulation rate was calculated (2.5 cm year⁻¹ on average) and spatially interpolated regarding the microtopography of the dune. The limits and uncertainties (absence of some expected tree growth responses) as well as the advantages (data about past dune development without monitoring) of dendrogeomorphic methods in aeolian geomorphology are discussed.

沙丘代表着独特的环境，可以增加景观的生物多样性，地球多样性或生态系统服务。过去沙丘发展的知识对于实现其有效保护至关重要。树状变态方法代表了重构地貌过程的有效工具，但在风成岩地貌学中的应用受到限制。这种状态可能是由于对沙土掩埋的树木生长响应（尤其是微观解剖学响应）的了解有限而引起的。因此，本研究针对欧洲沙丘上分布最广泛的树种之一樟子松（L.）进行了详细的研究，研究了树木生长对埋葬的响应。四个埋藏的樟子松在博斯卡低地（斯洛伐克西南部）占领选定沙丘的个体被挖出并在垂直距离5厘米处进行密集采样。结果表明，在四个不同的沙积年期（1990、1994、1999、2012）中，树木对墓葬的宏观生长响应具有明显的生长抑制形式（平均抑制率为51.8％）。增量响应的强度与埋葬深度无关，但与平均年轮系列灵敏度呈显着相关性（r = 0.68–0.93）。此外，生长抑制总是伴随着明显的解剖反应，以细胞管腔面积的增加形式出现（平均为103.5％）。这种反应的强度很大程度上取决于埋葬的深度。甚至在茎的未埋部分（离地面15 cm处）也检测到了两种主要形式的响应（突变生长抑制和细胞管腔面积增加）。最后，计算出沙子的积聚速率（2.5 cm年平均为^-1），并根据沙丘的微观形貌进行空间插值。讨论了风化地貌中树状地貌方法的局限性和不确定性（缺乏某些预期的树木生长响应）以及优点（关于过去的沙丘发育的数据，无需监测）。