Abstract The present study is focused on the phytochemical analysis of the aerial parts of Symphytum anatolicum and Cynoglottis barrelieri (Boraginaceae). Their methanol extracts were subjected to qualitative LC-MS analysis, sixteen secondary metabolites have been identified from S. anatolicum and eighteen from C. barrelieri, respectively. Sixteen among all are phenolic derivatives (phenolic acids and flavonoids) and six belong to pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in the form of bases and/or N-oxides (PANOs). The observed chemical profiles are discussed chemotaxonomically as both species share the same tribe Boragineae. Caffeic acid and its derivatives together with quercetin- and kaempferol-glucosides were among the common metabolites, as they were identified in both studied plant species. Furthermore, their total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated by different chemical assays, together with their in vitro enzyme inhibitory properties towards cholinesterases (AChE and BChE), α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The results showed that C. barrelieri exhibited strong antioxidant activity, while S. anatolicum displayed good enzyme inhibitory effects contributing to a very interesting profile for further applications.

中文翻译：

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Symphytum anatolicum Boiss 地上部分的植物化学分析和生物学评价。和 Cynoglottis bakerieri (All.) Vural & Kit Tan (Boraginaceae)

摘要 本研究的重点是对 Symphytum anatolicum 和 Cynoglottis绦虫（紫草科）地上部分的植物化学分析。对它们的甲醇提取物进行了定性 LC-MS 分析，分别从 S. anatolicum 和 18 种从 C. bucketieri 中鉴定出 16 种次级代谢物。其中 16 种是酚类衍生物（酚酸和黄酮类化合物），6 种属于以碱和/或 N-氧化物 (PANO) 形式存在的吡咯里西啶生物碱 (PA)。观察到的化学特征在化学分类学上进行了讨论，因为这两个物种共享同一个部落 Boragineae。咖啡酸及其衍生物以及槲皮素和山奈酚葡萄糖苷是常见的代谢物，因为它们在两种研究的植物物种中都得到了鉴定。此外，测定了它们的总酚和黄酮含量。通过不同的化学分析评估抗氧化能力，以及它们对胆碱酯酶（AChE 和 BChE）、α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的体外酶抑制特性。结果表明，C. bucketieri 表现出很强的抗氧化活性，而 S. anatolicum 表现出良好的酶抑制作用，为进一步应用提供了非常有趣的特征。