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Light opens a new window for N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis
Chemical Science ( IF 8.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 , DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03595e
Jing Liu 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Xiao-Ning Xing 6, 7, 8 , Jin-Hai Huang 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Liang-Qiu Lu 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Wen-Jing Xiao 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Affiliation  

N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are efficient Lewis basic catalysts for the umpolung of various polarized unsaturated compounds usually including aldehydes, imines, acyl chlorides and activated esters. NHC catalysis involving electron pair transfer steps has been extensively studied; however, NHC catalysis through single-electron transfer (SET) processes, despite having the potential to achieve chemical transformations of inert chemical bonds and using green reagents, has long been a challenging task in organic synthesis. In parallel, visible-light-induced photocatalysis and photoexcitation have been established as powerful tools to facilitate sustainable organic synthesis, as they enable the generation of various reactive radical intermediates under extremely mild conditions. Recently, a number of elegant visible-light-induced, NHC-catalyzed transformations were developed for accessing valuable organic compounds. As a result, this minireview will highlight the recent advances in this field.

中文翻译:

光为N杂环卡宾催化打开了新窗口

N-杂环卡宾(NHCs)是有效的Lewis碱性催化剂,用于各种极化的不饱和化合物(通常包括醛,亚胺,酰氯和活化的酯)的空载。涉及电子对转移步骤的NHC催化已被广泛研究。然而,尽管有潜力实现惰性化学键的化学转化并使用绿色试剂,但通过单电子转移(SET)方法进行NHC催化一直是有机合成中的一项艰巨任务。同时,可见光诱导的光催化和光激发被认为是促进可持续有机合成的有力工具,因为它们能够在极其温和的条件下生成各种反应性自由基中间体。最近,许多优雅的可见光感应 为获得有价值的有机化合物,开发了NHC催化的转化方法。因此,这份小型审查将重点介绍该领域的最新进展。
更新日期:2020-10-14
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