Critical size bone defects are one of the most serious complications in orthopedics due to the lack of effective osteogenesis treatment. We fabricated carboxymethyl cellulose with phenol moieties (CMC-ph) microcapsules loaded with gene-modified rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) that secrete hBMP2 following doxycycline (DOX) induction. The results showed that the morphology of microcapsules was spherical, and their diameters have equally distributed in the range of 100–150 μm; the viability of rBMSCs was unchanged over time. Through real-time PCR and Western blot analyses, the rBMSCs in microcapsules were found to secrete hBMP2 and to have upregulated mRNA and protein expression of osteogenesis-related genes in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the in vivo results suggested that the group with the middle concentration of cells expressed the highest amount of osteogenic protein over time. In this study, we showed that gene-modified rBMSCs in CMC-ph microcapsules had good morphology and viability. The BMP2–BMSCs/CMC-Ph microcapsule system could upregulate osteogenic mRNA and protein in vitro and in vivo. Further analysis demonstrated that the medium concentration of cells had a suitable density for transplantation in nude mice. Therefore, BMP2–BMSCs/CMC-Ph microcapsule constructs have potential for bone regeneration in vivo.

由于缺乏有效的成骨治疗，临界尺寸骨缺损是骨科最严重的并发症之一。我们制造了具有酚部分 (CMC-ph) 的羧甲基纤维素微胶囊，该微胶囊中装载有基因修饰的大鼠骨间充质干细胞 (rBMSCs)，在强力霉素 (DOX) 诱导后分泌 hBMP2。结果表明，微囊形态呈球形，直径在100~150 μm范围内均匀分布；rBMSCs 的活力随着时间的推移没有变化。通过实时 PCR 和蛋白质印迹分析，发现微囊中的 rBMSCs 分泌 hBMP2，并在体外和体内上调成骨相关基因的 mRNA 和蛋白质表达。此外，体内结果表明，随着时间的推移，具有中等细胞浓度的组表达最高量的成骨蛋白。在这项研究中，我们发现 CMC-ph 微胶囊中的基因修饰 rBMSCs 具有良好的形态和活力。BMP2-BMSCs/CMC-Ph 微囊系统可以在体外和体内上调成骨 mRNA 和蛋白质。进一步分析表明，中等浓度的细胞具有适合移植到裸鼠体内的密度。因此，BMP2-BMSCs/CMC-Ph 微胶囊构建体具有体内骨再生的潜力。进一步分析表明，中等浓度的细胞具有适合移植到裸鼠体内的密度。因此，BMP2-BMSCs/CMC-Ph 微胶囊构建体具有体内骨再生的潜力。进一步分析表明，中等浓度的细胞具有适合移植到裸鼠体内的密度。因此，BMP2-BMSCs/CMC-Ph 微胶囊构建体具有体内骨再生的潜力。