Abstract

Objective: Whether the basal ganglia are involved in the cortical synchronization during focal seizures is still an open question. In the present study, we proposed to synchronize cortico-striatal activities acutely inducing striatal disinhibition, performing GABA-antagonist injections within the putamen in primates. Method: Experiments were performed on three fascicularis monkeys. During each experimental session, low volumes of bicuculline (0.5–4 μL) were injected at a slow rate of 1 μL/min. Spontaneous behavioral changes were classified according to Racine’s scale modified for primates. These induced motor behaviors were correlated with electromyographic, electroencephalographic, and putaminal and pallidal local field potentials changes in activity. Results: acute striatal desinhibition induced focal motor seizures. Seizures were closely linked to cortical epileptic activity synchronized with a striatal paroxysmal activity. These changes in striatal activity preceded the cortical epileptic activity and the induced myoclonia, and both cortical and subcortical activities were coherently synchronized during generalized seizures. Interpretation: Our results strongly suggest the role of the sensorimotor striatum in the regulation and synchronization of cortical excitability. These dramatic changes in the activity of this “gating” pathway might influence seizure susceptibility by modulating the threshold for the initiation of focal motor seizures.

中文翻译：

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急性纹状体-皮质同步导致灵长类动物局灶性运动癫痫发作。

摘要

目的：基底神经节是否参与局灶性癫痫发作期间的皮质同步仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。在本研究中，我们建议同步皮质-纹状体活动，急性诱导纹状体去抑制，在灵长类动物的壳核内注射 GABA 拮抗剂。方法：在三只绦虫猴上进行了实验。在每个实验阶段，以 1 μL/min 的慢速注射小体积荷包牡丹碱 (0.5–4 μL)。根据为灵长类动物修改的 Racine 量表对自发行为变化进行分类。这些诱发的运动行为与活动中的肌电图、脑电图以及壳核和苍白球局部场电位变化相关。结果：急性纹状体去抑制引起局灶性运动癫痫发作。癫痫发作与与纹状体阵发性活动同步的皮质癫痫活动密切相关。纹状体活动的这些变化先于皮质癫痫活动和诱发的肌阵挛，并且皮质和皮质下活动在全身性癫痫发作期间一致同步。解释：我们的结果强烈表明感觉运动纹状体在皮层兴奋性的调节和同步中的作用。这种“门控”通路活动的这些显着变化可能会通过调节局灶性运动性癫痫发作的阈值来影响癫痫发作的易感性。在全身性癫痫发作期间，皮层和皮层下的活动是一致同步的。解释：我们的结果强烈表明感觉运动纹状体在皮层兴奋性的调节和同步中的作用。这种“门控”通路活动的这些显着变化可能会通过调节局灶性运动性癫痫发作的阈值来影响癫痫发作的易感性。在全身性癫痫发作期间，皮层和皮层下的活动是一致同步的。解释：我们的结果强烈表明感觉运动纹状体在皮层兴奋性的调节和同步中的作用。这种“门控”通路活动的这些显着变化可能会通过调节局灶性运动性癫痫发作的阈值来影响癫痫发作的易感性。