Abstract Hurricanes can cause extensive long-term damage to small-scale fisheries. Yet, information is scarce on how communities are locally impacted by extreme events in the Caribbean and in other parts of the world. Focusing on an artisanal fishery in Yaguajay, Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, this article explores how artisanal fishers have perceived and responded to the different damages brought about by Hurricane Irma in September 2017 and the inundations associated with Storm Alberto in May 2018. Combining discussions and short interviews carried out pre and post-storms Irma and Alberto, this study identifies major environmental impacts and matching responses. In addition, the article sheds light on the evolution of small-scale fishing communities in Cuba and their current organization. Results show local perceptions of extensive biodiversity loss in terms of mangrove coverage, changes in salinity, and the quality of coastal environments that have affected the composition of captures and fish sizes. As a consequence of these changes, fishers are adjusting their effort and fishing intensity to match perturbations. Findings underscore the need to identify the synergistic relations that may exist between prior environmental degradation and different extreme events such as droughts, hurricanes, and excessive precipitation. The interrelation of these factors may result in compounded aggravated impacts that may unfold over longer temporal scales and not just as a one-time event. Authors conclude by stressing the importance of including the systematic study of extreme events along with local perceptions of ecological change in fishery management plans. Because fishers´ responses to hazards are based on their experiences and knowledge of the state of coastal and marine habitats, and especially on expectations about what constitutes normal ranges of change, threats, and levels of risks, this information is key to guide behavioral interventions and decision frameworks that can foster the development of hurricane resistant communities.

中文翻译：

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以渔业为基础的生计对极端事件的脆弱性：当地对古巴中部亚瓜贾伊飓风艾尔玛和热带风暴阿尔贝托造成的损害的看法

摘要 飓风会对小型渔业造成广泛的长期损害。然而，关于社区如何受到加勒比地区和世界其他地区极端事件的当地影响的信息很少。本文以古巴 Sancti Spiritus 的 Yaguajay 的手工渔业为重点，探讨手工渔民如何看待和应对 2017 年 9 月飓风艾尔玛和 2018 年 5 月风暴阿尔贝托带来的洪水带来的不同损害。结合讨论和简短通过对艾尔玛和阿尔贝托风暴前后进行的访谈，本研究确定了主要的环境影响和匹配的响应。此外，文章还阐明了古巴小型渔业社区的演变及其当前组织。结果表明，当地对红树林覆盖范围、盐度变化和沿海环境质量的广泛生物多样性丧失的看法已经影响了捕获物的组成和鱼类大小。由于这些变化，渔民正在调整他们的努力和捕鱼强度以匹配扰动。调查结果强调需要确定先前环境退化与干旱、飓风和过度降水等不同极端事件之间可能存在的协同关系。这些因素的相互关系可能会导致复杂的恶化影响，这些影响可能会在更长的时间尺度上展开，而不仅仅是一次性事件。作者最后强调将极端事件的系统研究以及当地对生态变化的看法纳入渔业管理计划的重要性。由于渔民对灾害的反应是基于他们对沿海和海洋栖息地状况的经验和知识，特别是基于对正常变化范围、威胁和风险水平的预期，这些信息是指导行为干预和风险水平的关键。可以促进抗飓风社区发展的决策框架。