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Differences in Viral RNA Synthesis but Not Budding or Entry Contribute to the In Vitro Attenuation of Reston Virus Compared to Ebola Virus.
Microorganisms ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 , DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081215
Bianca S Bodmer 1 , Josephin Greßler 1 , Marie L Schmidt 1 , Julia Holzerland 2 , Janine Brandt 1 , Stefanie Braun 1 , Allison Groseth 2 , Thomas Hoenen 1
Affiliation  

Most filoviruses cause severe disease in humans. For example, Ebola virus (EBOV) is responsible for the two most extensive outbreaks of filovirus disease to date, with case fatality rates of 66% and 40%, respectively. In contrast, Reston virus (RESTV) is apparently apathogenic in humans, and while transmission of RESTV from domestic pigs to people results in seroconversion, no signs of disease have been reported in such cases. The determinants leading to these differences in pathogenicity are not well understood, but such information is needed in order to better evaluate the risks posed by the repeated spillover of RESTV into the human population and to perform risk assessments for newly emerging filoviruses with unknown pathogenic potential. Interestingly, RESTV and EBOV already show marked differences in their growth in vitro, with RESTV growing slower and reaching lower end titers. In order to understand the basis for this in vitro attenuation of RESTV, we used various life cycle modeling systems mimicking different aspects of the virus life cycle. Our results showed that viral RNA synthesis was markedly slower when using the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) components from RESTV, rather than those for EBOV. In contrast, the kinetics of budding and entry were indistinguishable between these two viruses. These data contribute to our understanding of the molecular basis for filovirus pathogenicity by showing that it is primarily differences in the robustness of RNA synthesis by the viral RNP complex that are responsible for the impaired growth of RESTV in tissue culture.

中文翻译:

与埃博拉病毒相比,病毒RNA合成的差异,但不是萌芽或进入机制,有助于雷斯顿病毒的体外衰减。

大多数丝状病毒会导致人类严重疾病。例如,埃博拉病毒(EBOV)是迄今为止两次最广泛的丝状病毒疾病爆发的原因,病死率分别为66%和40%。相比之下,雷斯顿病毒(RESTV)显然对人类无致病性,尽管RESTV从家猪向人的传播会导致血清转化,但在这种情况下,尚无疾病迹象。导致这些致病性差异的决定因素尚未广为人知,但是需要此类信息以便更好地评估RESTV反复溢出到人群中所带来的风险,并对具有未知致病性的新兴丝状病毒进行风险评估。有趣的是,RESTV和EBOV在体外的生长已显示出明显的差异,RESTV的生长速度变慢并达到较低的滴度。为了了解RESTV体外衰减的基础,我们使用了各种生命周期建模系统来模拟病毒生命周期的不同方面。我们的研究结果表明,使用RESTV的核糖核蛋白(RNP)组件而不是EBOV的那些时,病毒RNA的合成明显较慢。相反,在这两种病毒之间,出芽和进入的动力学是无法区分的。这些数据通过显示病毒RNP复合物在RNA合成的鲁棒性方面的主要差异是造成组织培养中RESTV受损的原因,有助于我们了解丝状病毒致病性的分子基础。我们使用了各种生命周期建模系统来模仿病毒生命周期的不同方面。我们的研究结果表明,使用RESTV的核糖核蛋白(RNP)组件而不是EBOV的那些时,病毒RNA的合成明显较慢。相反,在这两种病毒之间,出芽和进入的动力学是无法区分的。这些数据通过证明病毒RNP复合物在RNA合成的鲁棒性方面的主要差异是导致RESTV在组织培养中受损的原因,有助于我们了解丝状病毒致病性的分子基础。我们使用了各种生命周期建模系统来模仿病毒生命周期的不同方面。我们的研究结果表明,使用RESTV的核糖核蛋白(RNP)组件而不是EBOV的那些时,病毒RNA的合成明显较慢。相反,在这两种病毒之间,出芽和进入的动力学是无法区分的。这些数据通过证明病毒RNP复合物在RNA合成的鲁棒性方面的主要差异是导致RESTV在组织培养中受损的原因,有助于我们了解丝状病毒致病性的分子基础。而不是EBOV。相反,在这两种病毒之间,出芽和进入的动力学是无法区分的。这些数据通过证明病毒RNP复合物在RNA合成的鲁棒性方面的主要差异是导致RESTV在组织培养中受损的原因,有助于我们了解丝状病毒致病性的分子基础。而不是EBOV。相反,在这两种病毒之间,出芽和进入的动力学是无法区分的。这些数据通过证明病毒RNP复合物在RNA合成的鲁棒性方面的主要差异是导致RESTV在组织培养中受损的原因,有助于我们了解丝状病毒致病性的分子基础。
更新日期:2020-08-11
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