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Privatizing climate adaptation: How insurance weakens solidaristic and collective disaster recovery
WIREs Climate Change ( IF 9.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 , DOI: 10.1002/wcc.676
Chloe H. Lucas 1 , Kate I. Booth 1
Affiliation  

As losses from extreme weather events grow, many governments are looking to privatize the financing and incentivization of climate adaptation through insurance markets. In a pure market approach to insurance for extreme weather events, individuals become responsible for ensuring they are adequately covered for risks to their own properties, and governments no longer contribute funds to post‐disaster recovery. Theoretically, insurance premiums signal the level of risk faced by each household, and incentivize homeowners to invest in adaptive action, such as retrofitting, or drainage work, to reduce premiums. Where risk is considered too high by insurance markets, housing is devalued, in theory leading to retreat from risky areas. In this review article, we evaluate the suitability of private insurance as a mechanism for climate adaptation at a household and community level. We find a mismatch between social understandings of responsibility for climate risks, and the technocratic, market‐based home insurance products offered by private insurance markets. We suggest that by constructing increasingly individualized, technical, and calculative evaluations of risk, market‐based models of insurance for extreme weather events erode the solidaristic and collective discourses and practices that support adaptive behavior.

中文翻译:

使气候适应私有化:保险如何削弱团结和集体灾难的恢复

随着极端天气事件造成的损失增加,许多政府正在寻求通过保险市场实现气候适应的融资和激励私有化。在针对极端天气事件的保险的纯市场方法中,个人有责任确保自己有足够的保险来保护自己财产的风险,并且政府不再为灾后恢复捐款。从理论上讲,保险费表明每个家庭面临的风险水平,并激励房主投资于适应性措施,例如翻新或排水工程,以降低保费。在保险市场认为风险过高的情况下,住房贬值,从理论上讲会导致远离风险地区。在这篇评论文章中,我们评估了私人保险作为家庭和社区气候适应机制的适用性。我们发现社会对气候风险责任的理解与私人保险市场提供的基于技术的,基于市场的家庭保险产品之间不匹配。我们建议通过构建越来越个性化的风险技术评估方法,针对极端天气事件的基于市场的保险模型会侵蚀支持适应性行为的团结和集体话语和实践。
更新日期:2020-10-11
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