Hematopoietic stem cell performance and identity, crucial for homeostasis of the blood-forming system, is governed by extrinsic factors found in the bone marrow microenvironment. Communication within hematopoietic stem cell niches occurs via soluble factors or cell-to-cell contacts between niche and blood-forming cells – which in turn are influenced by systemic factors distributed by the bone marrow extracellular fluid. Although hematopoietic cell-intrinsic aging contributes to the aging phenotype of the hematopoietic system, the architecture and cellular composition of the bone marrow microenvironment have emerged to be highly dynamic during aging and suggested as a major driver for the functional limitations of the blood system observable in old individuals. Recent attention has been paid to the interface between the peripheral nervous system and blood-forming cells in the bone marrow in several clinical contexts and in aging – the latter is reviewed here.

造血干细胞的性能和特性对造血系统的稳态至关重要，受骨髓微环境中的外在因素控制。造血干细胞壁龛内的通讯是通过可溶因子或壁龛和造血细胞之间的细胞间接触发生的——而这反过来又受到骨髓细胞外液分布的全身性因素的影响。尽管造血细胞内在衰老导致了造血系统的衰老表型，但骨髓微环境的结构和细胞组成在衰老过程中表现出高度动态，并被认为是导致血液系统功能受限的主要驱动因素。老个体。