The GCOM-C (SHIKISAI) satellite was developed to understand the mechanisms of global climate change. The second-generation global imager (SGLI) onboard GCOM-C is an optical sensor observing wavelengths from 380 nm to 12.0 μm in 19 bands. One of the notable features is that the resolution of the 1.63, 10.8, and 12.0 µm bands is 250 m, with an observation frequency of 2–3 days. To investigate the effective use and potential of the 250 m resolution of these SGLI bands in the study of eruptive activities, we analyzed four practical cases. As an example of large-scale effusive activity, we studied the 2018 Kilauea eruption. By analyzing the series of 10.8 μm band images using cumulative thermal anomaly maps, we could observe that the lava effused on the lower East Rift Zone, initially flowed down the southern slope to the sea, and then moved eastward. As an example of lava dome growth and generation of associated pyroclastic flows, the activity at Sheveluch between December 2018 and December 2019 was analyzed. The 1.63 and 10.8 µm bands were shown to be suitable for observing growth of the lava dome and occurrence of pyroclastic flows, respectively. We found that the pyroclastic flows occurred during periods of rapid lava dome expansion. For the study of an active crater lake, the activity of Ijen during 2019 was analyzed. The lake temperature was found to rise rapidly in mid-May and reach 38 °C in mid-June. We also analyzed the intermittent activities of small-scale vulcanian eruptions at Sakurajima in 2019. The 1.63 µm band was useful for detecting activities that are associated with vulcanian eruptions. Analytical results for these case studies demonstrated that the GCOM-C SGLI images are beneficial for observing various aspects of volcanic activity, and their real-time use may contribute to reducing eruption-related disasters.

中文翻译：

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使用 GCOM-C (SHIKISAI) 卫星的新型红外火山监测：在亚太地区的应用

GCOM-C（SHIKISAI）卫星旨在了解全球气候变化的机制。GCOM-C 搭载的第二代全球成像仪 (SGLI) 是一种光学传感器，可在 19 个波段中观察 380 nm 至 12.0 μm 的波长。显着特征之一是 1.63、10.8 和 12.0 µm 波段的分辨率为 250 m，观测频率为 2-3 天。为了研究这些 SGLI 波段的 250 m 分辨率在喷发活动研究中的有效使用和潜力，我们分析了四个实际案例。作为大规模喷发活动的一个例子，我们研究了 2018 年的基拉韦厄火山喷发。通过使用累积热异常图分析一系列 10.8 μm 波段图像，我们可以观察到熔岩在东裂谷带下部流出，最初沿着南坡流向大海，然后向东移动。作为熔岩穹顶生长和相关火山碎屑流生成的一个例子，分析了 2018 年 12 月至 2019 年 12 月期间 Sheveluch 的活动。1.63 和 10.8 µm 波段分别适用于观察熔岩穹顶的生长和火山碎屑流的发生。我们发现火山碎屑流发生在熔岩穹顶快速膨胀期间。为了研究一个活跃的火山口湖，分析了 2019 年 Ijen 的活动。发现湖温在 5 月中旬迅速上升，并在 6 月中旬达到 38°C。我们还分析了 2019 年樱岛小规模火山喷发的间歇性活动。1.63 µm 波段可用于检测与火山喷发相关的活动。