A consensus on Holocene climate variability at the modern northern fringe of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) region remains elusive. Here, we present a pollen‐based reconstruction of vegetation history and associated climate variations of a sediment core from Huangqihai Lake, central Inner Mongolia. During 10.7 to 8.8 cal kaBP, typical steppe with small patches of forest dominated the lake area, suggesting a moderately wet climate, followed by ameliorating climatic conditions until 8.0 cal kaBP as deduced by the expansion of forest. Typical steppe recovered the lake area between 8.0 and 7.2 cal kaBP, reflecting a deterioration of climatic conditions; in combination with other proxy records in the study region, we noticed that severe aridity was prevailed in the lake area between 8.0 and 7.6 cal kaBP. During 7.2 to 3.2 cal kaBP, abundant tree pollen indicated dominance of forest‐steppe around the lake, marking regionally wet conditions. A notable absence of broadleaved trees after 5.2 cal kaBP reveals a slight drying trend, and climate deterioration from 4.5 to 4.1 cal kaBP might be linked to the 4.2 ka event. After 3.2 cal kaBP, a transition to steppe was associated with dry conditions in the region. Based on our pollen record and prior paleoclimatic reconstructions in the Huangqihai Lake region, there was a generally‐accepted, stepwise shift to a wet climate during the early Holocene, an overall humid climate from 7.2 to 3.2 cal kaBP, and then severe drought for the rest of the Holocene. Moreover, regional comparisons among pollen records derived from lakes situated in the temperate steppe region suggested a roughly synchronous pattern of vegetation and climate changes during the Holocene and demonstrated an intensified EASM during the middle Holocene.

中文翻译：

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内蒙古黄旗海湖地区全新世植被与气候变化

关于东亚夏季风（EASM）地区现代北部边缘全新世气候变化的共识仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们介绍了基于花粉的植被历史重建以及内蒙古中部黄旗海湖泊沉积物核心的相关气候变化。在10.7至8.8 cal kaBP期间，典型的草原以小片森林为主，表明该湖地区处于中等湿润的气候，随后气候条件得到改善，直至8.0 cal kaBP，这是由森林扩张所致。典型的草原恢复了在8.0和7.2 cal kaBP之间的湖泊面积，反映出气候条件的恶化。结合研究区域的其他代理记录，我们注意到在8.0至7.6 cal kaBP之间的湖区盛行严重干旱。在7.2至3.2 cal kaBP期间，丰富的树木花粉表明湖周围森林草原占主导地位，表明该地区处于潮湿状态。5.2 cal kaBP后明显没有阔叶树，表明有轻微的干燥趋势，气候从4.5到4.1 cal kaBP的恶化可能与4.2 ka事件有关。在3.2 cal kaBP之后，向草原的过渡与该地区的干旱条件有关。根据我们的花粉记录和先前在黄旗海地区的古气候重建，在全新世早期，人们普遍接受逐步向湿润的转变，总体湿润气候从7.2 ka kaBP到3.2 cal kaBP，然后是全新世的其余部分。此外，