Role of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPARs) in the pathophysiology of stroke and protective effects of PPAR ligands have been widely investigated in the last 20 years. Activation of all three PPAR isoforms, but especially PPAR‐γ, was documented to limit postischemic injury in the numerous in vivo, as well as in in vitro studies. PPARs have been demonstrated to act on multiple mechanisms and were shown to activate multiple protective pathways related to inflammation, apoptosis, BBB protection, neurogenesis, and oxidative stress. The aim of this review was to summarize two decades of PPAR research in stroke with emphasis on in vivo animal studies. We focus on each PPAR receptor separately and detail their implication in stroke. This review also discusses recent clinical efforts in the field and the epidemiological data with regard to role of PPAR polymorphisms in susceptibility to stroke, and tries to draw conclusions and describe future perspectives.

中文翻译：

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过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体在卒中预防和治疗中的作用——最好的还在后头？

在过去的 20 年中，过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 (PPAR) 在中风病理生理学中的作用和 PPAR 配体的保护作用得到了广泛研究。所有三种 PPAR 亚型的激活，尤其是 PPAR-γ，被证明可以限制大量体内和体外研究中的缺血后损伤。PPAR 已被证明可作用于多种机制，并显示出激活与炎症、细胞凋亡、BBB 保护、神经发生和氧化应激相关的多种保护途径。本综述的目的是总结 20 年中风 PPAR 研究，重点是体内动物研究。我们分别关注每个 PPAR 受体并详细说明它们对中风的影响。本综述还讨论了该领域最近的临床努力和有关 PPAR 多态性在中风易感性中的作用的流行病学数据，并试图得出结论并描述未来的前景。