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Electromagnetic heating, an eco-friendly method to enhance heavy oil production: A review of recent advancements
Environmental Technology & Innovation ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-10 , DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2020.101100
Pandian Sivakumar , Shanker Krishna , Hari S. , Rakesh Kumar Vij

While the demand for energy globally increases everyday due to economic growth, unconventional hydrocarbon resources like shale, oil sands, heavy oil and extra heavy oil play a major role in energy crisis mitigation. Heavy oil reservoirs are characterized by thick and highly viscous crude. To recover heavy oil, conventional thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods are generally employed. These methods include in-situ combustion, cyclic steam injection, Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD), etc. However, they are, at times, uneconomical and technically challenging. The growing concerns about the environment and its sustainability necessitate the use of alternative eco-friendly technologies. One of the extensively employed techniques, the conventional thermal heating technique implemented by the injection of steam into reservoirs has limited use due to various factors that ristricts its usability. These factors include reservoirs with low injectivity and those that are deep and heterogeneous with small pay zone thickness. In such cases, electromagnetic (EM) heating can enhance the recovery of heavy oil by enabling uniform heating of the reservoir. Up to 92% of the applied EM energy can be passed on to the reservoir formations. This ecologically sound and benign method has its basis in the conversion of EM energy into heat energy. As a result of this process, the temperature of the reservoir increases while the viscosity of oil reduces. In this paper, a hybrid approach by combining EM and SAGD has been suggested. The hybrid method is more convenient than the conventional SAGD method and facilitates better recovery of heavy crudes.



中文翻译:

电磁加热,一种提高重油产量的环保方法:近期进展综述

尽管由于经济增长,全球对能源的需求每天都在增加,但非常规的碳氢化合物资源(如页岩,油砂,重油和额外的重油)在缓解能源危机方面发挥着重要作用。重油储层的特征是稠密且高粘度的原油。为了回收重油,通常采用常规的热强化油回收(EOR)方法。这些方法包括原位燃烧,循环蒸汽注入,蒸汽辅助重力排水(SAGD)等。然而,它们有时不经济且在技术上具有挑战性。人们越来越关注环境及其可持续性,因此必须使用其他环保技术。一种广泛使用的技术 由于各种因素限制了其可用性,通过将蒸汽注入储层中实现的常规热加热技术的使用受到限制。这些因素包括注入量低的储层,以及深部,非均质,产层厚度小的储层。在这种情况下,电磁(EM)加热可以通过均匀加热储层来提高重油的采收率。高达92%的施加的EM能量可以传递到储层。这种生态上无害且良性的方法具有将EM能量转换为热能的基础。作为该过程的结果,储层的温度升高,而油的粘度降低。在本文中,已经提出了一种将EM和SAGD相结合的混合方法。

更新日期:2020-08-22
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