In winter, a large amount of icing and snowing occurs in outdoor equipment and systems, which adversely affects their lifespan. The melting process is divided into two parts: convection melting and gravity shedding melting. This paper is based on an experiment with a real high-speed train unit, and it establishes a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of the bogie area to validate the mathematical model of the winter ice melting experiment. A numerical simulation was used to calculate the airflow in the baffle-enclosed space and to predict the effects of interactions between air and the ice body on heat transfer and phase change. The influence of air velocity and temperature on the heat transfer was analyzed. The computational simulation effectively quantifies the amount of heat transfer and energy consumption under different conditions. This paper also presents a research method for the simulation of gravity shedding in complex models. These models provide information for the construction of similar ice melting models. This paper has suggested that for thin ice bodies, convection melting was the dominant strategy. For thick ice bodies, however, gravity shedding melting became dominant. The study also confirmed that enclosed hot-air ice-melting systems gave a better energy performance than unenclosed systems.

在冬季，室外设备和系统会大量结冰和下雪，这会对它们的使用寿命产生不利影响。熔化过程分为两部分：对流熔化和重力脱落熔化。本文基于真实高速列车的实验，建立了转向架区域的三维计算流体动力学模型，以验证冬季冰融化实验的数学模型。数值模拟用于计算挡板封闭空间中的气流，并预测空气与冰体之间的相互作用对传热和相变的影响。分析了风速和温度对传热的影响。计算仿真有效地量化了不同条件下的传热量和能耗。本文还提出了一种在复杂模型中模拟重力脱落的研究方法。这些模型为类似的冰融化模型的构建提供了信息。本文提出，对于薄冰体，对流融化是主要策略。然而，对于厚厚的冰体，重力脱落融化成为主要因素。该研究还证实，封闭式热风融冰系统比非封闭式系统具有更好的能源性能。对流熔化是主要策略。然而，对于厚厚的冰体，重力脱落融化成为主要因素。研究还证实，封闭式热风融冰系统比未封闭式系统具有更好的能源性能。对流熔化是主要策略。然而，对于厚厚的冰体，重力脱落融化成为主要因素。研究还证实，封闭式热风融冰系统比未封闭式系统具有更好的能源性能。