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Can Modern Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms Discover High-Dimensional Financial Risk Portfolio Tradeoffs for Snow-Dominated Water-Energy Systems?
Advances in Water Resources ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2020.103718
Rohini S. Gupta , Andrew L. Hamilton , Patrick M. Reed , Gregory W. Characklis

Abstract Hydropower generation in the Hetch Hetchy Power System is strongly tied to snowmelt dynamics in the central Sierra Nevada and consequently is particularly financially vulnerable to changes in snowpack availability and timing. This study explores the Hetchy Hetchy Power System as a representative example from the broader class of financial risk management problems that hold promise in helping utilities such as SFPUC to understand the tradeoffs across portfolios of risk mitigation instruments given uncertainties in snowmelt dynamics. An evolutionary multi-objective direct policy search (EMODPS) framework is implemented to identify time adaptive stochastic rules that map utility state information and exogenous inputs to optimal annual financial decisions. The resulting financial risk mitigation portfolio planning problem is mathematically difficult due to its high dimensionality and mixture of nonlinear, nonconvex, and discrete objectives. These features add to the difficulty of the problem by yielding a Pareto front of solutions that has a highly disjoint and complex geometry. In this study, we contribute a diagnostic assessment of state-of-the-art multi-objective evolutionary algorithms’ (MOEAs') abilities to support a DPS framework for managing financial risk. We perform comprehensive diagnostics on five algorithms: the Borg multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA-III), Reference Vector Guided Evolutionary Algorithm (RVEA), and the Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Decomposition (MOEA/D). The MOEAs are evaluated to characterize their controllability (ease-of-use), reliability (probability of success), efficiency (minimizing model evaluations), and effectiveness (high quality tradeoff representations). Our results show that newer decomposition, reference point, and reference vector algorithms are highly sensitive to their parameterizations (difficult to use), suffer from search deterioration (losing solutions), and have a strong likelihood of misrepresenting key tradeoffs. The results emphasize the importance of using MOEAs with archiving and adaptive search capabilities in order to solve complex financial risk portfolio problems in snow-dependent water-energy systems.

中文翻译:

现代多目标进化算法能否发现以雪为主的水能系统的高维金融风险投资组合权衡?

摘要 赫奇赫奇电力系统中的水力发电与内华达山脉中部的融雪动态密切相关,因此在财务上特别容易受到积雪可用性和时间变化的影响。本研究探讨了 Hetchy Hetchy Power System 作为更广泛的金融风险管理问题类别的代表性示例,这些问题有望帮助 SFPUC 等公用事业公司了解融雪动态不确定性的风险缓解工具组合之间的权衡。实施进化多目标直接政策搜索 (EMODPS) 框架来识别时间自适应随机规则,这些规则将效用状态信息和外生输入映射到最佳年度财务决策。由于其高维度以及非线性、非凸和离散目标的混合,由此产生的金融风险缓解投资组合规划问题在数学上是困难的。这些特征通过产生具有高度不相交和复杂几何形状的解决方案的帕累托前沿增加了问题的难度。在这项研究中,我们对最先进的多目标进化算法 (MOEA) 的能力进行了诊断评估,以支持 DPS 框架管理金融风险。我们对五种算法进行综合诊断:Borg 多目标进化算法、非支配排序遗传算法 II (NSGA-II)、非支配排序遗传算法 III (NSGA-III)、参考向量引导进化算法 (RVEA) , 和基于分解的多目标进化算法(MOEA/D)。评估 MOEA 以表征其可控性(易用性)、可靠性(成功概率)、效率(最小化模型评估)和有效性(高质量权衡表示)。我们的结果表明,较新的分解、参考点和参考向量算法对其参数化高度敏感(难以使用),遭受搜索恶化(丢失解决方案),并且极有可能歪曲关键权衡。结果强调了使用具有存档和自适应搜索功能的 MOEA 来解决依赖雪的水能源系统中复杂的金融风险组合问题的重要性。评估 MOEA 以表征其可控性(易用性)、可靠性(成功概率)、效率(最小化模型评估)和有效性(高质量权衡表示)。我们的结果表明,较新的分解、参考点和参考向量算法对其参数化高度敏感(难以使用),遭受搜索恶化(丢失解决方案),并且极有可能歪曲关键权衡。结果强调了使用具有存档和自适应搜索功能的 MOEA 来解决依赖雪的水能源系统中复杂的金融风险组合问题的重要性。评估 MOEA 以表征其可控性(易用性)、可靠性(成功概率)、效率(最小化模型评估)和有效性(高质量权衡表示)。我们的结果表明,较新的分解、参考点和参考向量算法对其参数化高度敏感(难以使用),遭受搜索恶化(丢失解决方案),并且极有可能歪曲关键权衡。结果强调了使用具有存档和自适应搜索功能的 MOEA 来解决依赖雪的水能源系统中复杂的金融风险组合问题的重要性。我们的结果表明,较新的分解、参考点和参考向量算法对其参数化高度敏感(难以使用),遭受搜索恶化(丢失解决方案),并且极有可能歪曲关键权衡。结果强调了使用具有存档和自适应搜索功能的 MOEA 来解决依赖雪的水能源系统中复杂的金融风险组合问题的重要性。我们的结果表明,较新的分解、参考点和参考向量算法对其参数化高度敏感(难以使用),遭受搜索恶化(丢失解决方案),并且极有可能歪曲关键权衡。结果强调了使用具有存档和自适应搜索功能的 MOEA 来解决依赖雪的水能源系统中复杂的金融风险组合问题的重要性。
更新日期:2020-11-01
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