Nitrate transporters (NRTs) are important channel proteins facilitating cross-membrane movement of small molecules like NO₃⁻ which is a critical nutrient for all life. However, the classification and evolution of nitrate transporters in the legume plants are still elusive. In this study, we surveyed the wild soybean (G. soja) genomic databases and identified 120 GsNRT1 and 5 GsNRT2 encoding genes. Phylogenetic analyses show that GsNRT1 subfamily is consisted of eight clades (NPF1 to NPF8), while GsNRT2 subfamily has only one clade. Gene chromosomal location and evolutionary historic analyses indicate that GsNRT genes are unevenly distributed on 19 out of 20 G. soja chromosomes and segmental duplications may take a major part in the expansion of GsNRT family. Investigations of gene structure and protein motif compositions suggest that GsNRT family members are highly conserved in structures of both gene and protein levels. In addition, we analyzed the spatial expression patterns of representative GsNRT genes and their responses to exogenous nitrogen and carbon supplies and different abiotic stresses. The qRT-PCR data indicated that 16 selected GsNRT genes showed various expression levels in the roots, stems, leaves, and pods of young G. soja plants, and these genes were regulated by not only nitrogen and carbohydrate nutrients but also NaCl, NaHCO₃, abscisic acid (ABA), and salicylic acid (SA). These results suggest that GsNRT genes may be involved in the regulation of plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental stresses, and the study will shed light on functional dissection of plant nitrate transporter proteins in the future.

硝酸盐转运蛋白（NRTS）是重要的通道蛋白促进像NO小分子的交膜运动₃ ^-这是所有生命的关键营养物。但是，豆科植物硝酸盐转运蛋白的分类和进化仍然难以捉摸。在这项研究中，我们调查了野生大豆（G. soja）基因组数据库，并确定了120个GsNRT1和5个GsNRT2编码基因。系统发育分析表明，GsNRT1亚家族由八个进化枝（NPF1至NPF8）组成，而GsNRT2亚家族只有一个进化枝。基因染色体定位和进化历史分析表明，GsNRT基因在20个大豆中有19个分布不均。染色体和节段重复可能在GsNRT家族的扩展中起主要作用。基因结构和蛋白质基序组成的研究表明，GsNRT家族成员在基因和蛋白质水平的结构中高度保守。此外，我们分析了代表性GsNRT基因的空间表达模式及其对外源氮和碳供应以及不同非生物胁迫的响应。qRT-PCR数据表明，选择的16个GsNRT基因在大豆幼苗的根，茎，叶和豆荚中表现出不同的表达水平，这些基因不仅受氮和碳水化合物营养素的调节，而且受NaCl，NaHCO _3的调节，脱落酸（ABA）和水杨酸（SA）。这些结果表明，GsNRT基因可能参与植物生长，发育和对环境胁迫的适应性调控，这项研究将为今后植物硝酸盐转运蛋白的功能研究提供启示。