Effluents of textile, paper, and related industries contain significant amounts of synthetic dyes which has serious environmental and health implications. Remediation of dyes through physical and chemical techniques has specific limitations. Augmented biological decontamination strategies ‘microbial remediation’ may involve ring-opening of dye molecules besides the reduction of constituent metal ions. Both bacterial and fungal genera are known to exhibit metabolic versatility which can be harnessed for effective bio-removal of the toxic dye contaminants. Ascomycetous/basidiomycetes fungi can effectively decontaminate azo dyes through laccase/peroxidase enzyme-mediated catalysis. The extent, efficacy, and range of fungal dye decontamination can be enhanced by the conjugated application of nanomaterials, including nanoparticles (NPs) and their composites. Fungal cell-enabled NP synthesis- ‘myco-farmed NPs’, is a low-cost strategy for scaled-up fabrication of a variety of metal, metal oxide, non-metal oxide NPs through oxidation/reduction of dissolved ions/molecules by extracellular biomolecules. Augmented and rapid decontamination of azo dyes at high concentrations can be achieved by the use of myco-farmed NPs, NPs adsorbed fungal biomass, and nano-immobilized fungi-derived bio-catalytical agents. This manuscript will explore the opportunities and benefits of mycoremediation and application of fungus-NP bionanoconjugate to remediate dye pollutants in wastewaters and land contaminated with the effluent of textile industries.

纺织、造纸和相关行业的废水含有大量合成染料，对环境和健康产生严重影响。通过物理和化学技术修复染料具有特定的局限性。强化生物净化策略“微生物修复”除了减少金属离子成分外，还可能涉及染料分子的开环。已知细菌属和真菌属均表现出代谢多功能性，可用于有效生物去除有毒染料污染物。子囊菌/担子菌真菌可以通过漆酶/过氧化物酶介导的催化作用有效地净化偶氮染料。纳米材料（包括纳米粒子（NP）及其复合材料）的共轭应用可以增强真菌染料去污的程度、功效和范围。真菌细胞支持的纳米颗粒合成——“真菌养殖的纳米颗粒”是一种低成本策略，通过细胞外氧化/还原溶解的离子/分子来放大制造各种金属、金属氧化物、非金属氧化物纳米颗粒生物分子。通过使用真菌养殖的纳米粒子、吸附真菌生物质的纳米粒子和纳米固定化真菌衍生的生物催化剂，可以实现高浓度偶氮染料的增强和快速净化。本手稿将探讨真菌修复和真菌-纳米粒子生物纳米复合物的应用来修复被纺织工业废水污染的废水和土地中的染料污染物的机会和好处。