The study evaluated the effects of different types of dietary carbohydrates on growth, immunity, antioxidant capacity and glucose metabolism enzyme activities in the juvenile brook trout. Fish (13.65 ± 0.06 g) were fed five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets that contained 150g kg^‐1 glucose, sucrose, dextrin, pregelatinized corn starch (PS) or raw corn starch (RS) respectively. Weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio were significantly higher in fish fed dextrin than the other treatments. The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and glucose were higher in fish fed glucose than those fed dextrin, PS or RS. Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and lysozyme activity, as well as total antioxidant capacity, were lower in fish fed glucose or sucrose than the other treatments. Moreover, the highest malondialdehyde (MDA) level was reported in the glucose group. Furthermore, fish fed glucose had significantly lower hepatic glucokinase (GK), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) activities than those fed dextrin, PS or RS. The results suggest that dextrin is the optimal carbohydrate source for brook trout, while incorporating glucose into the diet suppresses innate immunity, increases oxidative stress and interferes with glucose metabolism, resulting into a reduction in growth.

中文翻译：

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日粮碳水化合物类型对font鳟的生长性能，先天免疫，抗氧化能力和葡萄糖代谢的影响

该研究评估了不同类型的饮食碳水化合物对幼小鳟鱼生长，免疫力，抗氧化能力和葡萄糖代谢酶活性的影响。鱼（13.65±0.06克）被喂食五种等氮和等脂日粮，每份日粮含150g kg ^-1葡萄糖，蔗糖，糊精，预糊化玉米淀粉（PS）或生玉米淀粉（RS）。饲喂糊精的鱼的体重增加，比生长率和蛋白质效率比显着高于其他处理。喂食葡萄糖的鱼的血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT），天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST），碱性磷酸酶（AKP）和葡萄糖均高于糊精，PS或RS。喂食葡萄糖或蔗糖的鱼肝超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），过氧化氢酶（CAT）和溶菌酶活性以及总抗氧化能力均低于其他处理。此外，葡萄糖组中丙二醛（MDA）含量最高。此外，喂鱼的葡萄糖的肝葡萄糖激酶（GK）明显降低，磷酸果糖激酶（PFK）和磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶（PEPCK）的活性要高于糊精，PS或RS。结果表明，糊精是溪鳟的最佳碳水化合物来源，而将葡萄糖掺入饮食中会抑制先天免疫力，增加氧化应激并干扰葡萄糖代谢，从而导致生长减少。