Abstract The Flynn Effect (FE; Flynn, 1984 , Flynn, 1987 ) is the decades-long increase in measured mean IQ of approximately 1/3 point per year, observed in industrialized nations over the course of at least a century. An obvious and practical implication of the FE is that the FE can cause test norm obsolescence. If norms from 1970 were used today, the average score would be approximately a standard deviation above the original mean. A more subtle effect was suggested by Mingroni (2007): Age-normed tests could have a FE “built-in” through the norming process. His observation can be true in any case where there are cohort differences (between- or within-family); it is almost certain to occur in cases where cross-sectional samples are used to age norm in the presence of cohort effects. We illuminate this process in several ways, because it can significantly impact longitudinal research. If the “built in FE” hypothesis is supported, then the FE potentially affects resulting scores assigned to test-takers from all age-normed cognitive tests exhibiting a FE. A series of graphic simulations demonstrate the logic. Following, analysis of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Children data suggest that the Flynn Effect is indeed built into the PIAT-Math scores.

中文翻译：

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弗林效应可以嵌入测试：横断面年龄规范如何破坏纵向研究

摘要 弗林效应 (FE; Flynn, 1984, Flynn, 1987) 是指在工业化国家至少一个世纪的时间里观察到的平均智商数十年来每年增加约 1/3 个百分点。FE 的一个明显且实际的含义是 FE 会导致测试规范过时。如果今天使用 1970 年的规范，则平均分数将大约比原始平均值高出一个标准差。Mingroni (2007) 提出了一个更微妙的影响：年龄归一化测试可以通过归一化过程“内置”一个有限元。在存在队列差异（家庭之间或家庭内）的任何情况下，他的观察都可能是正确的；在存在队列效应的情况下使用横断面样本进行年龄规范的情况下，几乎肯定会发生这种情况。我们以多种方式阐明这个过程，因为它可以显着影响纵向研究。如果“内置 FE”假设得到支持，那么 FE 可能会影响从所有表现出 FE 的年龄规范认知测试中分配给测试者的结果分数。一系列图形模拟演示了逻辑。接下来，对全国青少年纵向调查数据的分析表明，弗林效应确实内置于 PIAT-Math 分数中。