Abstract In this study, a series of experiments were conducted with varying number of pool fires and opening location (floor with ventilation openings) in a 21-story full-scale office building to study the transport phenomena and stratification of hot smoke in the stairwell. The experiments show that the flame of the pool fire inclines away from the side lobby door as pushed by the side air entrainment. The strength of stack effect in the stairwell initially increases, then decreases with the opening height increases. The rise in temperature in the stairwell can be divided into a lower and an upper region, depending on the location and attenuation effect of the upper opening. In the lower region, both the stack effect and turbulent mixing play important roles in the movement of hot smoke, whereas in contrast, in the upper region, turbulent mixing dominates. The equivalent heat release rate for hot smoke in the upper region is determined through theoretical analysis, and an integrated correlation is proposed for predicting the rise time of the smoke plume in the stairwell. These unique full-scale experiments provide crucial experimental data and empirical correlations that help the design of safer smoke ventilation systems for stairwells in a high-rise building.

中文翻译：

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全尺寸高层建筑楼梯间热烟的输送现象与分层：开口位置的影响

摘要 在本研究中，在一座 21 层的全尺寸办公楼中，以不同数量的水池火灾和开口位置（带有通风口的地板）进行了一系列实验，以研究楼梯间热烟的传输现象和分层。实验表明，池火的火焰在侧面引气的推动下向远离侧厅门的方向倾斜。楼梯间的堆叠效应强度随着开口高度的增加先增大后减小。楼梯间的温度升高可分为下部和上部区域，这取决于上部开口的位置和衰减效果。在下部区域，烟囱效应和湍流混合在热烟的运动中都起着重要作用，而相反，在上部区域，湍流混合占主导地位。通过理论分析确定了上部区域热烟的等效热释放率，并提出了综合相关性来预测楼梯间烟羽的上升时间。这些独特的全尺寸实验提供了重要的实验数据和经验相关性，有助于为高层建筑的楼梯间设计更安全的排烟系统。