Lactobacillus species play an important role in the host and although they are non-pathogenic, they could act as reservoirs for antibiotic resistance genes, with the potential risk of transfer to other bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to identify Lactobacillus species derived from feces of domesticated pigeons and to characterize their phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles. A total of 57 Lactobacillus isolates were classified into six species using the MALDI-TOF technique and 16S rDNA restriction analysis. Strains of L. ingluviei (31%), L. salivarius (28%) and L. agilis (23%) were the dominant species isolated. Determination of antimicrobial susceptibility by the microdilution broth method showed widespread resistance to kanamycin (89%), tetracycline (84%), streptomycin (63%), and enrofloxacin (37%). Less than 30% of the isolates were resistant to erythromycin, lincosamides, gentamycin, chloramphenicol and vancomycin. Over half (51%) of the lactobacilli were classified as multidrug resistant. Tet genes were detected in 79% of isolates; the lnuA, cat, ermB, ermC, ant(6)-Ia, ant(4’)-Ia, and int-Tn genes were found at a lower frequency. Sequence analysis of the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR)of the gyrA gene showed that fluoroquinolone resistance in lactobacilli was the result of a mutation that lead to a change in the amino acid sequence (Ser83→Tyr/Leu/Phe). Domesticated pigeons could be a reservoir for AMR Lactobacillus strains and AMR genes.

乳酸菌在宿主中起着重要的作用，尽管它们是非致病性的，但它们可以作为抗生素抗性基因的贮藏库，具有转移到居住在胃肠道的其他细菌的潜在风险。这项研究的目的是鉴定源自驯养鸽子粪便的乳杆菌物种，并表征其表型和基因型抗菌素耐药性（AMR）谱。使用MALDI-TOF技术和16S rDNA限制分析，总共将57株乳酸杆菌分离为6种。L.菌株ingluviei（31％），唾液乳杆菌（28％）和L. AGILIS（23％）是被隔离的优势种。通过微量稀释肉汤法测定的抗菌药敏感性显示对卡那霉素（89％），四环素（84％），链霉素（63％）和恩诺沙星（37％）具有广泛的耐药性。不到30％的分离株对红霉素，林可酰胺，庆大霉素，氯霉素和万古霉素具有抗性。超过一半（51％）的乳酸菌被归类为多药耐药性。在79％的分离物中检测到Tet基因；发现lnuA，cat，ermB，ermC，ant（6）-Ia，ant（4'）-Ia和int-Tn基因的频率较低。gyrA喹诺酮耐药性决定区（QRDR）的序列分析该基因表明，乳酸杆菌中的氟喹诺酮耐药性是导致氨基酸序列发生变化的突变的结果（Ser83→Tyr / Leu / Phe）。驯养的鸽子可能是AMR乳酸菌菌株和AMR基因的储存库。