The Japaratuba River Basin is one of the most important hydrogeological units in terms of water demand in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. Due to its poorly developed water supply plan, oil exploration and agricultural industries, the Japaratuba River Basin is susceptible to considerable environmental stress. Emphasis is given to the area of the Campo de Carmópolis which, being the largest onshore oil field in Brazil, represents the greatest agent of environmental pollution in the area. The aim of this study is to characterise the contaminants present in surface water and groundwater of the southern part of Japaratuba River Basin region which is proximal to Carmopolis Oil field. We performed physicochemical and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) analyses in ten water samples from the southernmost part of the basin. To better characterise the hydrogeological systems, 27 physicochemical parameters were analysed: potential of hydrogen (pH), colour, turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), hardness, acidity, alkalinity, iron (Fe), nitrate (NO₃⁻), nitrite (NO₂⁻), ammonia (NH₃), chloride (Cl⁻), phosphorus (P), fluoride (F⁻), sulphate (SO₄²⁻), bromate (BrO₃⁻), calcium (Ca²⁺), magnesium (Mg²⁺), potassium (K⁺), sodium (Na⁺) bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻), carbonate (CO₃²⁻), aluminium (Al³⁺), manganese (Mn²⁺), total dissolved solids (TDS), chlorite (ClO₂⁻) and glyphosate. The results identified concentrations above Brazil’s maximum permitted value (MPV) for TPH in two samples, and at least four samples presented values that do not meet the potability standards established by Brazilian federal legislation (Portaria de Consolidação Nº 5, 2017). This enforces the need for more robust remediation and mitigation methods on the contaminated sites, since the local population relies solely on these water resources and poor management would lead to health hazards and socioeconomic impacts. Continuous monitoring of sampled locations along with an increase in sampling mesh are also recommended.

中文翻译：

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巴西最大陆上油田的水文地质影响调查：塞尔希培州贾帕拉图巴河流域南部的物理化学和总石油烃（TPH）分析

贾帕拉图巴河流域是巴西塞尔希培州最重要的水文地质单位之一。贾帕拉图巴河流域由于供水计划，石油勘探和农业产业发展欠佳，因此容易受到巨大的环境压力。重点放在坎波·卡莫波利斯地区，该地区是巴西最大的陆上油田，是该地区最大的环境污染源。这项研究的目的是表征贾帕拉图巴河流域南部靠近卡莫波利斯油田的地表水和地下水中存在的污染物。我们对流域最南端的十个水样进行了理化和总石油烃（TPH）分析。₃ ^- ），亚硝酸根（NO ₂ ^- ），氨（NH ₃），氯（氯^- ），磷（P），氟化（F ^- ），硫酸根（SO ₄ ^2- ），溴（BRO ₃ ^- ），钙（CA ²⁺），镁（Mg ²⁺），钾（K ⁺），钠（Na ⁺）碳酸氢盐（HCO ₃ ^- ），碳酸（CO ₃ ^2- ），铝（Al ³⁺），锰（Mn ^{2 +}），总溶解固体（TDS），绿泥石（CLO ₂ ^-）和草甘膦。结果确定了两个样品中TPH的浓度均高于巴西的TPH最高允许值（MPV），并且至少四个样品的含量不符合巴西联邦立法制定的适用性标准（Portaria deConsolidaçãoN°5，2017）。由于当地人口仅依靠这些水资源，管理不善将导致健康危害和社会经济影响，因此，需要在受污染的地点采取更强有力的补救和减缓方法。还建议对采样位置进行连续监控，同时增加采样网格。