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Trophic ecology of invasive marbled and spiny-cheek crayfish populations
Biological Invasions ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02328-z
Stefan M. Linzmaier , Camille Musseau , Sven Matern , Jonathan M. Jeschke

North American cambarid crayfish have been highly successful in establishing and spreading across Europe and are now over-invading earlier arrivals in many water bodies. Parthenogenetic marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis), which originated from aquarium stocks, are relatively recent invaders and have established in lakes previously invaded by spiny-cheek crayfish (Faxonius limosus). However, the feeding ecology of marbled crayfish and consequential impacts on the non-native species’ coexistence are largely unexplored. By combining laboratory experiments with stable isotope analyses of field samples, we were able to (1) determine food preferences of both species under controlled conditions and (2) explore their trophic niches in three lakes where both species co-occur. In the food-choice laboratory experiments, the two species showed similar food preferences and consumption rates. Consistently, the stable isotope analyses (δ13C and δ15N) highlighted the intermediate trophic position of both species. Marbled crayfish and spiny-cheek crayfish occupied a wide range of trophic positions corresponding to a very generalist diet. However, marbled crayfish were more relying on arthropod prey than spiny-cheek crayfish which fed more on mollusks. This is the first work providing evidence for trophic plasticity of marbled crayfish in lake food webs. Our results suggest that the addition of marbled crayfish increases grazing pressure on macrophytes and macrophyte-dependent organisms and the allochthonous detritus decomposition in ecosystems already invaded by spiny-cheek crayfish. Since both species are listed as invasive alien species of EU concern, further assessments of potentially endangered food organisms are needed.



中文翻译:

侵入性大理石纹和有刺颊小龙虾种群的营养生态

北美Cambarid小龙虾在欧洲的建立和传播方面非常成功,现在已经入侵了许多水体中的早期入侵物种。单性孤大理石小龙虾(Procambarus virginalis)起源于水族馆种群,是相对较新的入侵者,并在先前被刺颊小龙虾(Faxonius limosus)入侵的湖泊中建立)。然而,关于小龙虾的摄食生态学及其对非本地物种共存的影响尚未得到充分研究。通过将实验室实验与现场样品的稳定同位素分析相结合,我们能够(1)在受控条件下确定两种物种的食物偏好,并且(2)在三个物种共生的三个湖泊中探索它们的营养位。在食物选择实验室实验中,两个物种显示出相似的食物偏好和食用率。一致的是,稳定同位素分析(δ 13 C和δ 15N)强调了两个物种的中间营养位置。大理石纹的小龙虾和多刺的小龙虾占据了广泛的营养位置,这与非常普通的饮食相对应。但是,有大理石花纹的小龙虾比节肢动物更依赖节肢动物的猎物,而不是多食软体动物的刺颊小龙虾。这是第一个为有证小龙虾在湖面食物网中的营养可塑性提供证据的工作。我们的研究结果表明,加入大理石纹小龙虾会增加对大型植物和依赖大型植物的生物的放牧压力,并增加了已经被棘颊小龙虾入侵的生态系统中的异源碎屑分解。由于这两种物种都被列为欧盟关注的外来入侵物种,因此需要对可能受到威胁的食用生物进行进一步评估。

更新日期:2020-08-09
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