New Delhi is a city affected by near/far-field earthquakes, where underground metro construction activities have been undertaken since the early 2000s. Due to the seismic effects, these structures are designed by conventional force/displacement methods. The present study validates the efficacy of these methods, numerically. For this, varying geotechnical conditions in static and seismic cases were quantified with the expected ground motion. Bored tunnels at different cover depths were modeled in 2D and 3D, to ascertain the static response of these structures, followed by a true dynamic analysis. It was found that conventional design procedures using force methods gave conservative estimates for increments on the tunnel liner. Also, the importance of a full dynamic analysis could not be ignored because (i) higher surface spectral responses were found at the tunnel pillar location and (ii) the cumulative strains on the tunnel liner were found to exceed permissible limits.

中文翻译：

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静态和地震荷载作用下城市地下双地铁隧道的相互作用

新德里是一个受近场/远场地震影响的城市，自 2000 年代初以来，该城市一直在开展地下地铁建设活动。由于地震效应，这些结构是通过传统的力/位移方法设计的。本研究在数值上验证了这些方法的有效性。为此，静态和地震情况下的不同岩土条件通过预期的地面运动进行量化。在 2D 和 3D 中对不同覆盖深度的钻孔隧道进行建模，以确定这些结构的静态响应，然后进行真正的动态分析。结果发现，使用力法的传统设计程序对隧道衬砌的增量给出了保守的估计。还，