The sodium-based aqueous energy storage devices possess the advantages of low cost, high safety and wide application. However, the low energy density of traditional carbon-based sodium storage materials limits their large-scale application. Besides, other sodium storage materials, such as transition metal oxides, polyanionic compounds and Prussian blue analogues (PBAs), cannot achieve high capacity and stable energy storage performance due to their poor conductivity and instability. Ultrathin carbon with unique characteristics, such as high electrical conductivity, excellent chemical stability, can compensate for the shortcomings of these sodium storage materials. Besides, the arising synergistic effect among ultrathin carbon and active materials is capable of further boosting the performance to achieve robust microstructure, stable electrode/electrolyte interface, high reaction kinetics for obtained composite electrode. This paper summarizes the recently developed strategies to incorporate ultrathin carbon with electrode materials, followed by a discussion of the important role of ultrathin carbon in enhancing sodium storage properties, as well as the future research direction.

中文翻译：

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超薄碳提高了水电解质中的钠储存性能

钠基水系储能装置具有成本低、安全性高、应用广泛等优点。然而，传统碳基储钠材料能量密度低，限制了其大规模应用。此外，其他储钠材料，如过渡金属氧化物、聚阴离子化合物和普鲁士蓝类似物（PBA），由于导电性差和不稳定性，无法实现高容量和稳定的储能性能。超薄碳具有独特的特性，如高电导率、优异的化学稳定性，可以弥补这些储钠材料的不足。此外，超薄碳和活性材料之间产生的协同效应能够进一步提高性能以实现稳健的微观结构，稳定的电极/电解质界面，获得的复合电极的高反应动力学。本文总结了最近开发的将超薄碳与电极材料结合的策略，然后讨论了超薄碳在提高钠储存性能方面的重要作用，以及未来的研究方向。