Given the importance of developing easy-to-use, disposable, affordable, and portable hybrid opto-electrochemical sensing devices, for the first time, we have developed a nanopaper-based screen-printed electrode (SPE) by taking advantage of the high optical transparency, affordability, biocompatibility, printability, flexibility, and other unrivaled physicochemical properties of bacterial cellulose (BC) nanopaper in screen printing technology. To fabricate the BC-SPE platform, a screen-printed three-electrode system was transferred onto the dried film of a pre-printed BC nanopaper-based substrate. Because of the optical transparency of the BC nanopaper, the fabricated BC-SPE platform can be used as a hybrid sensing platform for simultaneous optical and electrochemical (bio)sensing applications. A portable photometer was also assembled to measure the optical signals of the fabricated BC-SPE. The opto-electrochemical tunable properties of Prussian blue and their application in the dual optical and electrochemical sensing of acetaminophen as a model analyte were investigated using the fabricated BC-SPE to demonstrate the sensing applicability of the developed hybrid bioplatform. Moreover, we prove that our fabricated BC-SPE can be potentially exploited as a smartphone-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing platform. We envisage that our developed BC-SPE platform will find promising practical application in the detection of a wide range of (bio)chemicals, and also would be inspirational for the development of novel hybrid opto-electrochemical (bio)sensing devices.

中文翻译：

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基于纳米纸的丝网印刷电极：用于双光电化学传感应用的混合传感生物平台。

鉴于开发易于使用，一次性，可负担和便携式混合光电电化学传感设备的重要性，我们首次利用高光学性能开发了基于纳米纸的丝网印刷电极（SPE）。丝网印刷技术中细菌纤维素（BC）纳米纸的透明性，可负担性，生物相容性，可印刷性，柔韧性和其他无与伦比的理化特性。为了制造BC-SPE平台，将丝网印刷的三电极系统转移到预印刷的基于BC纳米纸的基材的干燥膜上。由于BC纳米纸的光学透明性，所制造的BC-SPE平台可用作同时进行光学和电化学（生物）传感应用的混合传感平台。还组装了便携式光度计以测量所制造的BC-SPE的光信号。使用制造的BC-SPE研究了普鲁士蓝的光电电化学可调性质及其在对乙酰氨基酚的光学和电化学双重传感中的应用，以证明其对模型的传感适用性。此外，我们证明了我们制造的BC-SPE可以潜在地用作基于智能手机的电化学发光（ECL）传感平台。我们设想，我们开发的BC-SPE平台将在各种（生物）化学品的检测中找到有希望的实际应用，并且还将为开发新型混合光电（生物）传感设备提供启发。使用制造的BC-SPE研究了普鲁士蓝的光电电化学可调性质及其在对乙酰氨基酚作为模型分析物的光学和电化学双重传感中的应用，以证明开发的混合生物平台的传感适用性。此外，我们证明了我们制造的BC-SPE可以潜在地用作基于智能手机的电化学发光（ECL）传感平台。我们设想，我们开发的BC-SPE平台将在各种（生物）化学品的检测中找到有希望的实际应用，并且还将为开发新型混合光电（生物）传感设备提供启发。使用制造的BC-SPE研究了普鲁士蓝的光电电化学可调性质及其在对乙酰氨基酚的光学和电化学双重传感中的应用，以证明其对模型的传感适用性。此外，我们证明了我们制造的BC-SPE可以潜在地用作基于智能手机的电化学发光（ECL）传感平台。我们设想，我们开发的BC-SPE平台将在各种（生物）化学品的检测中找到有希望的实际应用，并且还将为开发新型混合光电（生物）传感设备提供启发。