The genus Scedosporium is composed of clinically relevant fungal species, such as Scedosporium aurantiacum, Scedosporium apiospermum, and Scedosporium boydii. Surface molecules have been described that play crucial roles in fungi-macrophage interaction, and many of them are pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The present study aims to characterize peptidoglycans obtained from Scedosporium aurantiacum and Scedosporium minutisporum, a clinical and an environmental isolate, respectively, and compare their roles in pathogen-host interaction. Both molecules were characterized as peptidorhamnomannans (PRMs), similar to what has been already described for other Scedosporium species. Rabbit immune sera obtained by injecting whole cells from each species recognized both fungal cells and purified PRMs, suggesting that a cross-reaction occur between both fungi. Immunofluorescent microscopy revealed that PRMs are exposed on fungal surface. Prior incubation of purified molecules with immune sera before adding to cells led to loss of fluorescent, indicating that PRM is a major molecule recognized by immune sera. Fungi-macrophage interaction revealed that S. aurantiacum is able to survive more inside phagocytic cells than S. minutisporum, and PRM from both fungi plays a role in phagocytosis when the purified molecule is pre-incubated with macrophage. In addition, PRM induce nitric oxide release by macrophages. Our data indicate that PRM is an important PAMP exposed on fungal surface with the potential of immune modulation.

中文翻译：

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Peptidorhamanomannan：来自 Scedosporium aurantiacum 和 Scedosporium minutisporum 的表面真菌糖缀合物及其被巨噬细胞识别

属足放线病菌是由临床相关的真菌种类，如足放线病菌橙黄，足放线病菌赛多孢子菌，以及足放线病菌鲍氏。已经描述了在真菌-巨噬细胞相互作用中起关键作用的表面分子，其中许多是病原体相关分子模式 (PAMP)。本研究旨在表征分别从Scedosporium aurantiacum和Scedosporium minutisporum（一种临床和环境分离株）中获得的肽聚糖，并比较它们在病原体-宿主相互作用中的作用。两种分子都被表征为肽鼠李糖甘露聚糖 (PRM)，类似于已经描述的其他Scedosporium物种。通过注射每个物种的全细胞获得的兔免疫血清可以识别真菌细胞和纯化的 PRM，这表明两种真菌之间发生了交叉反应。免疫荧光显微镜显示 PRM 暴露在真菌表面。在加入细胞之前将纯化的分子与免疫血清预先孵育导致荧光丢失，表明 PRM 是免疫血清识别的主要分子。真菌细胞巨噬细胞的相互作用表明，S.橙黄能够更生存吞噬细胞比内部S. minutisporum，当纯化的分子与巨噬细胞预孵育时，来自两种真菌的 PRM 在吞噬作用中起作用。此外，PRM 诱导巨噬细胞释放一氧化氮。我们的数据表明，PRM 是一种重要的 PAMP，暴露在真菌表面，具有免疫调节的潜力。