With the rapid development of computer hardware and the emergence of the parallel calculation of diffraction fields, a breakthrough has been made in terms of the limitation of the unacceptable amount of computational cost to design diffractive optical elements (DOEs), and more accurate global search algorithms can be introduced to the design of complex DOEs and holographic projections instead of traditional iterative algorithms. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm which combines particle swarm optimization (PSO) with a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is proposed for the designing of DOEs and projecting holographic images with less noise. PSO is used to reduce the invalid disturbance in SA, and SA can jump out from local extreme points to find the global extreme points. Compared with the traditional Gerchberg–Saxton (GS) algorithm, the simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SA–PSO hybrid algorithm can improve uniformity by more than 10%.

中文翻译：

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粒子群算法与模拟退火算法相结合的混合衍射光学元件设计算法

随着计算机硬件的飞速发展和衍射场并行计算的出现，在设计衍射光学元件（DOE）的计算量无法接受的局限性以及更精确的全局搜索算法方面取得了突破。可以将其引入复杂的DOE和全息投影的设计中，而不是传统的迭代算法。本文提出了一种混合算法，结合了粒子群优化算法（PSO）和模拟退火算法（SA），用于DOE的设计和低噪声全息图像的投影。PSO用于减少SA中的无效干扰，并且SA可以从局部极限点跳出以找到全局极限点。与传统的Gerchberg-Saxton（GS）算法相比，