A novel design of horizontally polarized end‐fire antenna array with a complete ground (GND) for the fifth‐generation (5G) millimeter wave (mmWave) applications is proposed in this article. The antenna employs four dielectric layers with the relative permittivity successively increasing from top to bottom. Utilizing the refraction of the radiated waves between different dielectric layers, the uptilting of the beam in the end‐fire direction caused by the complete GND has been solved. A pair of butterfly dipole is fed by a balun to produce horizontal polarization. The simulated result shows that the proposed antenna unit achieves a fractional impedance bandwidth of 19.6% (24.25‐29.5 GHz) with the gain varying from 4.3 to 6.51 dBi. Based on the antenna element, a 1 × 4 antenna array is proposed. The isolation of the array is 17.6 dB. Besides, the end‐fire gain is 7.51 to 10.2 dBi over the frequency band of 24.25 to 29.5 GHz. And the beam scanning range of the array covers from −54° to +54°. A prototype is fabricated and measured, which validates the simulated results. Both the simulation and experiment results prove that the proposed antenna is promising for 5G mmWave applications.

中文翻译：

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具有完整接地的水平极化端射天线，适用于5G mmWave应用

本文提出了针对第五代（5G）毫米波（mmWave）应用的具有完全接地（GND）的水平极化端射天线阵列的新颖设计。该天线采用四个介电层，相对介电常数从上到下依次增加。利用不同介电层之间的辐射波的折射，解决了由完整的GND引起的射束在最终发射方向上的吸收。平衡-不平衡变换器给一对蝴蝶偶极子馈电以产生水平极化。仿真结果表明，所提出的天线单元实现了19.6％（24.25-29.5 GHz）的部分阻抗带宽，增益范围为4.3至6.51 dBi。基于天线元件，提出了一个1×4天线阵列。阵列的隔离度为17.6 dB。除了，在24.25至29.5 GHz的频带上，最终发射增益为7.51至10.2 dBi。阵列的光束扫描范围从-54°到+ 54°。制作并测量了原型，可以验证仿真结果。仿真和实验结果均证明，所提出的天线对于5G mmWave应用很有希望。