To overcome problems associated with loosening of orthopedic implants and surgical site infections, we developed a novel, titanium (Ti)‐based material that releases both strontium and silver ions (CaSrAg–Ti) based on alkali‐and‐heat treatment. The results of commercially pure Ti (cp–Ti), Ti that releases Sr ions only (CaSr–Ti), and the novel CaSrAg–Ti material were compared. Mechanical tests were performed to evaluate the in vivo bonding properties of CaSrAg–Ti and the bone‐implant contact (BIC) ratio in histological specimens was determined at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation in a rat femur. Also, the in vitro antibacterial activities of this material against methicillin‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) were evaluated after a 24 h incubation period by assaying colony‐forming units. In addition, antibacterial activities were evaluated in vivo at 7 days after implantation in a rat subcutaneous pocket model. There was direct contact between the bone and CaSrAg–Ti in histological specimens and no apparent signs of argyrosis in any rat. The bone‐bonding strength and the BIC ratio were increased by 2.7‐ and 2.3‐fold for CaSrAg–Ti vs. cp‐Ti at 4 weeks and 2.2‐ and 2.0‐fold at 8 weeks, respectively. As compared with cp‐Ti, the number of viable MSSA remaining on CaSrAg–Ti was reduced by 100 ± 0% in vitro and 94.2 ± 6.9% in vivo. Ti that releases Sr and Ag ions is a promising material that exhibits both bone‐bonding properties and anti‐MSSA activities.

中文翻译：

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锶和银离子释放钛的生物活性和抗菌活性。

为了克服与骨科植入物松动和手术部位感染相关的问题，我们开发了一种新型钛 (Ti) 基材料，该材料基于碱和热处理释放锶和银离子 (CaSrAg-Ti)。比较了商业纯钛 (cp-Ti)、仅释放 Sr 离子的钛 (CaSr-Ti) 和新型 CaSrAg-Ti 材料的结果。进行机械测试以评估 CaSrAg-Ti 的体内粘合特性，并在植入大鼠股骨后 4 周和 8 周测定组织学标本中的骨-植入物接触 (BIC) 比率。此外，该材料对甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抗菌活性(MSSA) 在 24 小时的潜伏期后通过测定菌落形成单位进行评估。此外，在植入大鼠皮下口袋模型后 7 天，在体内评估了抗菌活性。在组织学标本中，骨骼和 CaSrAg-Ti 之间存在直接接触，并且在任何大鼠中都没有明显的 argyrosis 迹象。与 cp-Ti 相比，CaSrAg-Ti 的骨结合强度和 BIC 比率在 4 周时分别​​增加了 2.7 倍和 2.3 倍，在 8 周时分别​​增加了 2.2 倍和 2.0 倍。与 cp-Ti 相比，残留在 CaSrAg-Ti 上的存活 MSSA 数量在体外减少了 100 ± 0%，在体内减少了 94.2 ± 6.9%。释放 Sr 和 Ag 离子的 Ti 是一种很有前途的材料，具有骨结合特性和抗 MSSA 活性。