Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a clinicopathologic disease characterized by symptoms of esophageal dysfunction and esophageal eosinophilia. In the last decade, there has been a dramatic increase in its prevalence for reasons that are not completely understood. The underlying pathophysiology involves an antigen‐mediated TH2 immune response that draws eosinophils to the esophagus, causing mucosal inflammation, esophageal remodeling, and fibrosis. This ultimately leads to esophageal dysfunction that most commonly manifests as dysphagia. In this review, we will discuss updates on key questions regarding the diagnosis and treatment of EoE.

中文翻译：

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嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎：关键未解决问题的最新进展

嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎（EoE）是一种以食管功能障碍和食管嗜酸性粒细胞增多为特征的临床病理疾病。在过去十年中，由于尚未完全了解的原因，其患病率急剧增加。潜在的病理生理学涉及抗原介导的 TH2 免疫反应，该反应将嗜酸性粒细胞吸引到食道，导致粘膜炎症、食道重塑和纤维化。这最终导致食道功能障碍，最常见的表现为吞咽困难。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论有关 EoE 诊断和治疗的关键问题的更新。