Tumors reprogram their metabolic pathways to meet the bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands of cancer cells. These reprogrammed activities are now recognized as the hallmarks of cancer, which not only provide cancer cells with unrestricted proliferative and metastatic potentials, but also strengthen their resistance against stress conditions and therapeutic challenges. Although recent progress in nanomedicine has largely promoted the developments of various therapeutic modalities, such as photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, nanocatalytic therapy, tumor‐starving/suffocating therapy, etc., the therapeutic efficacies of nanomedicines are still not high enough to achieve satisfactory tumor‐suppressing effects. Therefore, researchers are obliged to look back to the essence of cancer cell biology, such as metabolism, for tailoring a proper therapeutic regimen. In this work, the characteristic metabolic pathways of cancer cells, such as aerobic respiration, glycolysis, autophagy, glutaminolysis, etc. are reviewed, to summarize the very recent advances in the smart design of nanomedicines that can regulate tumor metabolism for enhancing conventional therapeutic modalities. The underlying chemistry of these nanomedicines by which tumor metabolism is harnessed, is also discussed in a comprehensive manner. It is expected that by harnessing tumor metabolism cancer nanotherapeutics will be substantially improved in the future.

中文翻译：

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先进的纳米药物化学在癌细胞代谢调控中的作用

肿瘤会重新编程其代谢途径，以满足癌细胞的生物能和生物合成需求。这些重新编程的活动现在被认为是癌症的标志，它们不仅为癌细胞提供了不受限制的增殖和转移潜能，而且还增强了它们对压力条件和治疗挑战的抵抗力。尽管纳米药物的最新进展在很大程度上促进了光动力疗法，光热疗法，纳米催化疗法，肿瘤饥饿/窒息疗法等各种治疗方式的发展，但是纳米药物的治疗效果仍然不足以达到令人满意的肿瘤抑制效果。因此，研究人员必须回顾癌细胞生物学的本质，例如新陈代谢，量身定制合适的治疗方案。在这项工作中，综述了癌细胞的特征性代谢途径，如有氧呼吸，糖酵解，自噬，谷氨酰胺分解等，总结了纳米药物智能设计的最新进展，这些药物可调节肿瘤代谢以增强常规治疗方式。 。这些纳米药物利用其肿瘤代谢的基础化学也得到了全面的讨论。预期通过利用肿瘤代谢，癌症纳米疗法将在未来得到实质性的改善。总结了纳米药物智能设计的最新进展，这些药物可以调节肿瘤代谢以增强常规治疗方式。这些纳米药物利用其肿瘤代谢的基础化学也得到了全面的讨论。预期通过利用肿瘤代谢，癌症纳米疗法将在未来得到实质性的改善。总结了纳米药物智能设计的最新进展，这些药物可以调节肿瘤代谢以增强常规治疗方式。这些纳米药物利用其肿瘤代谢的基础化学也得到了全面的讨论。预期通过利用肿瘤代谢，癌症纳米疗法将在未来得到实质性的改善。