Background & aims

Alternate-day fasting (ADF) is related to weight reduction, lowered risks of weight regain, and relative lean body mass preservation compared to continuous energy restriction. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of ADF on obesity-related factors and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults.

Methods

Using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane online databases, an electronic search was performed. Randomized controlled trials were investigated to evaluate ADF effects on body mass index (BMI), body weight (BW), waist circumference, body fat mass (FM), lean body mass, and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults aged ≥18 years. By utilizing a random-effects model, meta-analyses to assess weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed for eight randomized controlled trials (total participants = 728).

Results

We observed significant effects of ADF for BMI (WMD −0.73 kg/m², 95% CI −1.13 to −0.34), FM (WMD −1.27 kg, 95% CI −2.09 to −0.46), and total cholesterol (WMD −8.14 mg/dL, 95% CI −14.59 to −1.69). Subgroup analyses indicated that significant intervention effects were observed for BMI, BW, FM, and total cholesterol when compared to the control, the participants were overweight, and the study duration was <6 months. ADF is effective in reducing waist circumference in adults aged ≥40 years with obesity. However, there was no difference between ADF and continuous energy restriction, time-restricted feeding, or control with regard to lean body mass.

Conclusions

Current evidence suggests that ADF effectively lowers BMI, BW, FM, and total cholesterol in adults with overweight within 6 months compared to the control.

中文翻译：

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隔日禁食对肥胖和心脏代谢风险的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析。

背景与目标

与持续的能量限制相比，隔日禁食（ADF）与体重减轻，体重减轻的风险降低以及相对瘦体重的保存有关。这项荟萃分析旨在评估ADF对成人肥胖相关因素和心脏代谢危险因素的影响。

方法

使用PubMed，EMBASE和Cochrane在线数据库，进行了电子搜索。调查了随机对照试验，以评估ADF对18岁以上成年人的体重指数（BMI），体重（BW），腰围，体脂肪量（FM），瘦体重和心脏代谢危险因素的影响。通过使用随机效应模型，对八项随机对照试验（总参与者= 728）进行了荟萃分析，以95％置信区间（CIs）评估加权平均差异（WMD）。

结果

我们观察到对于BMI（WMD -0.73千克/米ADF的显著效果²，95％CI -1.13 -0.34到），FM（WMD -1.27公斤，95％CI -2.09 -0.46到）和总胆固醇（WMD - 8.14 mg / dL，95％CI -14.59至-1.69）。亚组分析表明，与对照组相比，参与者超重且研究持续时间小于6个月，观察到BMI，BW，FM和总胆固醇的显着干预效果。ADF可有效减轻40岁以上肥胖成年人的腰围。但是，ADF与持续能量限制，限时进食或控制瘦体重之间没有区别。

结论

当前证据表明，与对照组相比，ADF有效降低了超重成年人在6个月内的BMI，BW，FM和总胆固醇。